University of Birmingham

Chinese Painting Semantic Resource for Resolution-Aware Digitisation and Structured Heritage Access

Chinese painting digitisation poses a distinctive heritage-informatics challenge: culturally salient visual structures such as brushwork, intentional blank space, and text–image coexistence are difficult to document, access, and research with general-purpose collection and comput...

Strategic roadmap for delivery of clinical trials in rare childhood central nervous system (CNS) tumours: a multi-stakeholder consensus

Abstract Rare paediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumours comprise a biologically-heterogeneous group of low-incidence diseases that present significant challenges to both therapeutic development and clinical research, limiting the availability of high-quality evidence to gui...

Patient and public involvement and engagement in co-designing guidance for mental health professionals supporting neurodivergent children and young people in child and adolescent mental health services

Abstract Background Neurodivergent children and young people, including those with autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and intellectual disability, experience higher rates of mental health difficulties than their neurotypical peers. Despite this increased need, many...

Stakeholder agency in humanitarian projects addressing forced displacement

Purpose Humanitarian projects address critical global issues such as poverty, climate change and forced displacement. However, research reveals that many such projects yield limited results when managed through a top-bottom approach. In this research, we investigate how the agenc...

Modular Transformations of Tau Functions and Conformal Blocks on the Torus

Abstract The connection problem for isomonodromic tau functions on the one-punctured torus concerns the ratio between the tau function and its modular transform, associated to dual pants decompositions of the torus. In this paper, we study the modular transformations of the tau f...

Dawn of the dinosaurs demonstrates early diversification bursts and a potential role for neutral dynamics during major evolutionary radiations

Abstract Major radiations have given rise to huge swathes of life on Earth, and understanding their dynamics reveals the process of biodiversity generation itself. The rise of dinosaurs and other archosaurs during the Triassic was a spectacular example of such a radiation; it set...

Academic entrepreneurship: uncovering the role of formal and informal logics in the academic entrepreneurial space

Abstract This study integrates the embedded perspective of entrepreneurship with institutional logics theory to theorise AE as an embedded phenomena, sitting at the intersection of individuals within surrounding contexts. Drawing on qualitative data from STEM academics at three r...

Approaches to sharing trial results with adult patients and the public: a qualitative interview and focus group study

<title>Abstract</title> Background Sharing trial results with participants is increasingly recognised as an ethical obligation that fosters trust, respect, and engagement. Yet in practice, results are rarely shared. Researchers often lack guidance on what information to include o...

Paediatric therapeutic development workshop on osteosarcoma

The fourth Paediatric Therapeutic Development Workshop focused on osteosarcoma, the most common primary bone cancer in children and young adults. Current treatment of osteosarcoma comprises surgery and chemotherapy. Outcome has shown very little improvement over the last four dec...

Misperceptions of charismatic species' conservation status: Zoo visits and virtual exposure shape perceptions of extinction risk

Abstract Biodiversity loss is accelerating globally, yet species are not equally affected, and public perceptions of extinction risk often diverge from scientific assessments. Understanding what shapes public perceptions is critical for effective conservation communication, parti...

Towards a Higher-Order Bialgebraic Denotational Semantics

The bialgebraic abstract GSOS framework by Turi and Plotkin provides an elegant categorical approach to modelling the operational and denotational semantics of programming and process languages. In abstract GSOS, bisimilarity is always a congruence, and it coincides with denotati...

Consumers’ asset monetization: A conceptual framework and research agenda

Abstract This conceptual work investigates the emerging role of consumers as investors in various physical and digital assets. We introduce the notion of consumers’ asset monetization, defined as consumers’ orientation to monetize their asset(s) in secondary markets and benefit f...

Electronic energy loss in tungsten collision cascades: A quantum statistical study of force scales, friction, and stopping

Electronic stopping in collision cascades is formulated as a problem of driven quantum statistical work. The Keldysh influence functional, obtained by eliminating electronic degrees of freedom along the closed time contour, provides a common parent for both equilibrium electronic...

Inclusion of MyAMI-derived Mg ∕ Ca corrections to the marine carbonate system in the cGENIE.cookie Earth system model (v.0.91)

Abstract. The concentrations of the major cations (esp., Ca2+, Mg2+) in Earth's oceans have undergone large-scale fluctuations in the geological past. This is important because the key geochemical properties of the marine environment that underpin the global carbon cycle – the aq...

Prognostic value of measuring LSC frequency in AML: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Leukemia stem cells (LSC) are thought to be responsible for relapse in patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). LSC can be quantified at diagnosis to improve risk stratification, and during follow-up to monitor residual disease. To systematically evaluate the prognostic relevan...

Developing a scalable pipeline for data extraction from clinical letters through resource-efficient prompt engineering

<title>Abstract</title> Free-text clinical records represent an untapped wealth of data for secondary use. Their potential is limited by resource demands necessary for accurate information extraction at scale. We introduce a scalable, resource-efficient, and high-performance pipe...

Measuring masses of transiting Earth-like planets: first insights from the PLATO RV Data Challenge

Abstract The PLATO Stellar Variability Mitigation Working Group designed a radial-velocity (RV) data challenge to assess the precision and accuracy achievable on RV semi-amplitudes in the context of the future PLATO follow-up. Using Sun-as-a-star observations obtained with HARPS-...

The tradition of washing hands in a common bowl before eating: a qualitative study of the practice of communal bowl hand rinsing before mealtimes, in rural and urban Mali

<title>Abstract</title> Background Diarrhoeal disease is a leading cause of death in children under 5 years old globally, despite being largely preventable. It is widely known that individual handwashing with soap is key in preventing transmission of enteric pathogens. Communal b...

Remote STrOke Rehabilitation (ReSTORe): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Abstract Background At least one third of long-term stroke survivors living at home experience ongoing (≥6 months) mild to moderate disability including fatigue, low functional capacity, muscle weakness, anxiety, and depression. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and societal...

Introducing Mid‐Level Dental Providers in Iran: Challenges and Opportunities

ABSTRACT Objectives The WHO Global Strategy and Action Plan on Oral Health 2023–2030 encourages innovative approaches such as shifting tasks from dentists to Mid‐level Dental Providers (MLDPs), who work independently to improve access to and equity in oral health. This study aime...