University of Arkansas at Fayetteville

Enhanced External Counterpulsation Versus Standard Medical Therapy for Chronic Refractory Angina: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Chronic refractory angina is a disabling syndrome of persistent ischemic symptoms despite guideline-directed medical therapy and, in many patients, prior coronary revascularization. Enhanced external counterpulsation [EECP] is a noninvasive therapy that augments diast...

Disruption of Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene Alters Aphid Resistance and Volatile Emissions in Sorghum

ABSTRACT Jasmonic acid (JA)‐deficient msd3 sorghum mutants exhibit contrasting resistance phenotypes against sugarcane aphids (SCA; Melanaphis sacchari ), which promotes aphid settling at early time points while providing antibiosis‐mediated resistance at later stages. Here we in...

Influence of plant metabolic disruptors on glufosinate weed control

Additives that disrupt plant metabolic pathways might be an option to obtain higher stability in weed control levels when applying herbicides impacted by environmental conditions. Field experiments were conducted to determine if the addition of metabolic inhibitors, such as NBD-C...

Effect of geometry on curcuminoid retention in 3D-printed turmeric powder-enriched crackers

This study evaluated the enrichment of 3D-printed crackers with turmeric rhizome powder in different geometries, focusing on how geometry affects the retention of turmeric’s bioactive compounds and the appearance of crackers during storage. The cracker doughs were prepared using...

A Model for Cotton Emergence Based on Thirty Years of Seed Treatment Trials Conducted by the National Cotton Seed Treatment Committee

Over 30 years, the National Cotton Council’s National Cottonseed Treatment program has conducted coordinated seed treatment trials across the U.S., resulting in a comprehensive dataset of over 500 field trials. After data curation compiled from annual reports published in the Cot...

Selective activation of nerve fiber subpopulations with intrafascicular stimulation

Background: Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is most effective when specific nerve fiber subpopulations are activated, while minimizing off-target activation, which may cause undesirable side effects. This selectivity depends primarily on electrode design and charge delivery. W...

Central Adiposity Versus Body Mass Index in Assessment of Adiposity-Related Differences in Physical Activity Among Schoolchildren Aged 5–12 Years in High-Risk Neighborhoods

Purpose: Body mass index (BMI) is widely used in childhood obesity surveillance despite limitations in capturing central adiposity, which has been hypothesized to relate to reduced participation in movement. This study compared associations between z-score waist circumference (zW...

Fueling the fire: predicting cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) impacts on fire behavior across environmental and seasonal gradients

Abstract Invasive species can fundamentally alter fire regimes by modifying fuel characteristics, yet predicting their impacts on fire behavior remains challenging. Cogongrass ( Imperata cylindrica ), a highly invasive grass spreading across the southeastern US, has been associat...

Development and validation of a diversity intelligence scale

Leaders need diversity intelligence (DQ) to effectively manage all employees in the workplace but specifically, they need better knowledge, education, training, and behavior to lead protected class employees. This DQ scale was developed to help leaders assess their knowledge, edu...

Evaluation of Adult-Stage Salt Tolerance Identifies Promising Tomato Accessions Under Saline and Non-Saline Conditions

Soil salinization is a major abiotic constraint on tomato production worldwide. To evaluate adult-stage tomato performance under contrasting saline and non-saline conditions, 23 tomato accessions (13 large-fruited and 10 cherry types) were evaluated at two solar-greenhouse locati...

Comparing Spatial Covariance to Common Field Vegetation Metrics

Spatial covariance is a metric used to delineate grassland cores and track state transitions driven by woody encroachment in rangelands, and it does so by calculating the degree of spatial coexistence between functional groups like grasses and trees at different scales. Spatial c...

Influence of mass transport near parallel band pumping electrodes and walls on the fate of chemical species in a sample plug introduced onto a redox-magnetohydrodynamics microfluidics chip

Abstract A 3D finite element model is used to investigate the behavior of a small sample volume of molecules inside a redox-magnetohydrodynamics (R-MHD) microfluidic chamber (3.0 cm × 1.7 cm, 429 µm-high), enclosing chip-based, coplanar parallel-band electrodes ( ~ 900 µm wide, 1...

Additive manufacturing of lunar regolith for reconfigurable building blocks toward lunar habitation

Utilizing locally available materials is a crucial step towards sustainable planetary habitation. Lunar regolith has gained tremendous interest in additive manufacturing in the past decades. However, due to the constrained manufacturing facilities and materials on the moon, many...

Tribo-electric separation of cereal proteins: machine design, operating parameters, and particle charging on protein separation efficiency and quality

Rising demand for plant-based proteins is driving interest in separation technologies that minimize water, chemical, and energy use while preserving ingredient functionality. Conventional wet extraction of cereal proteins typically increases environmental impact and alters the pr...

Optimal Public Transportation Networks: Evidence from the World's Largest Bus Rapid Transit System in Jakarta

Designing public transport networks involves trade-offs between coverage, service frequency, and direct service. We use the expansion of the bus system in Jakarta, Indonesia, to study these trade-offs. We analyze how new direct connections, changes in bus travel time, and wait-ti...

AdmixLD: Fast genome-scale inference of ancestry disequilibrium in hybrid zones

SUMMARY: Hybrid zones represent powerful natural systems for studying reproductive isolation and speciation. One key genomic signature of genetic incompatibilities and epistatic interactions is linkage disequilibrium (LD) - non-random associations between loci from different line...

State of the Art in High-Load Multi-Rotational Disc Bearings: Design, Practice, and Future Needs

High-load multi-rotational (HLMR) disc bearings have been available domestically since the 1970s. In the decades since, they have become an increasingly attractive option for use when bridges require higher rotations or loads than typical elastomeric bearings can transfer. These...

Sex ratio shapes female response to sexual conflict in the wild

Abstract Chronically male-biased sex ratios are predicted to intensify sexual conflict and reduce female fitness. Yet empirical tests of female responses in natural settings are rare. We tested how female reproductive performance depends on social environment in the field using t...

Financial market discipline and new business formation

Abstract This study examines the effect of public disclosure of financial misconduct in the retail banking industry on the real economy. We propose that strengthened public disclosure of misconduct imposes disciplinary pressure which improves services and intermediation in the re...

Conceptual System Design Case Study for Decision Analysis

As part of organizations pursuing innovation, systems engineering teams include experts in decision-driven data generation, analysis, and synthesis. These experts provide skill in crafting decision support models that show the relationship between decision alternatives and fundam...