University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

Imaging-based biological age estimation predicts competing mortality risk in lung cancer screening

Abstract Lung cancer screening (LCS) participants have a high competing risk of non-lung cancer related death, which limits screening benefit. We hypothesized that imaging-based biological age can identify individuals at higher risk of non-lung cancer mortality. Low dose computed...

Cholangioscopy in the diagnostic and therapeutic work-up of intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Intraductal Papillary Neoplasms of the Bile Duct (IPNB) are rare and diagnostically challenging, particularly in assessing invasiveness and intraductal spread. Cholangioscopy offers promise through direct visualization and targeted biopsies. The aim of this study was...

Regulated Cell Death in Reproductive Biology: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities

Regulated cell death (RCD) has emerged as a fundamental determinant of cellular homeostasis and tissue remodeling, extending far beyond the classical concept of apoptosis. The identification of emerging RCD pathways, including ferroptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, cuproptosis, PA...

Radiomics machine learning models for lung cancer early diagnosis in heterogenous multicentre chest CT data: LIBRA study results

Abstract Objective We developed and validated radiomics models for lung cancer prediction in indeterminate pulmonary nodules that retain performance in heterogenous data from multiple centres. Materials and methods The retrospective Lung Imaging Biobank for Radiomics and AI (LIBR...

The Maxillofacial Academic Practice (MAP) study phase 1: oral and maxillofacial surgical trainee research engagement.

The British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (BAOMS) funded Maxillofacial Academic Practice (MAP) study aims to define the current state of research and academic training within UK Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS). Phase One of the study, the OMFS Trainee Resea...

HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Mother–Infant Pairs in Southern Mozambique

This prospective nested cohort (EARTH) study evaluated drug resistance mutations and outcomes among 79 (31 with genetic results) early-treated Mozambican children living with HIV, followed for 50 months. Mortality reached 20.3%. Drug resistance mutations were detected in 58.1% of...

MRI-derived prostate volume assessment: manual segmentation versus two-axis ellipsoid approximation and its implications for PSA density

Abstract Purpose To evaluate how accurately prostate volume estimated with the ellipsoid formula matches manual segmentation (reference standard) and to assess whether an individualized, volume-dependent adjustment of the ellipsoid weighting factor improves performance. Methods I...

Major adverse cardiac events and mortality associated with ADHD and its treatment in adults with type 2 diabetes: a multi-national cohort study

Abstract Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to elevated risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the impact of ADHD and ADHD medication use on prognosis and health outcomes in T2D remains unclear. This study investigates the associations of...

Burden of chronic postsurgical pain after caesarean delivery on maternal quality of life: a systematic review

Summary Introduction Chronic postsurgical pain after caesarean delivery is an important cause of postpartum morbidity, yet its impact on maternal quality of life has not been comprehensively synthesised. The aims of this systematic review were to evaluate the impact of chronic po...

Early enteral feeding following flap surgery for head and neck defects: a quality improvement project using the Plan-Do-Study-Act cycle

Abstract Purpose Patients undergoing reconstructive head and neck (H&N) surgery are often made nil-by-mouth postoperatively, requiring enteral feeding. Early enteral feeding (≤ 24 h) after surgery is recommended as part of enhanced recovery. Limited literature has investigated ti...

Integrating menopausal neurocognitive and psychosocial dynamics into economic behavior: the Behavioral Finance–Menopausal Cognition (BF-MC) Model (MARiE WP2A study)

Objective: Traditional behavioral finance—which examines how cognitive biases, emotions, and context shape economic decision-making— often assumes cognitive stability, rationality, and consistent risk evaluation, based largely on male-dominated samples. Emerging evidence from the...

Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Suggested That Neutrophils Predominated the Airways of Children With the Respiratory Syncytial Virus

ABSTRACT Aim The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a predominant aetiology of early‐life respiratory infections. This systematic review and meta‐analysis compared the cell types involved in airways inflammation in children with and without RSV, noting that immune responses can...

High-resolution Manometry Catheter Insertion During Sedated Endoscopy; A Viable Option When Standard Intubation Fails

Background/Aims: : When high-resolution manometry (HRM) intubation is not tolerated or the catheter fails to traverse the lower esophageal sphincter, the test is often abandoned, leaving patients without a diagnosis to guide therapy. Although endoscopic placement of HRM catheters...

Exploring holistic care needs in paediatric and teenage molecular radiotherapy: a parent and carer perspective

Abstract Purpose Molecular radiotherapy (MRT) for children and young people presents unique challenges distinct from other cancer treatments. It requires specialised inpatient care in paediatric settings, strict radiation safety protocols, and is typically available only at selec...

Predicting the Unpredictable: Development and External Validation of the GO SOAR Surgical Risk Calculator for Data-Driven Predictions of Surgical Complications in Gynaecological Oncology Surgery

Background/Objectives: Universal surgical risk calculators are not validated for use and poorly predict postoperative morbidity and mortality for women undergoing gynaecological oncology surgery. This adversely affects communication of risk resulting in poorly informed decisions...

A brief acceptance and commitment therapy intervention for individuals at risk of neurodegenerative disease: A translational study in inherited prion disease

Living at risk of a neurodegenerative condition such as inherited prion disease (IPD) is associated with substantial psychological burden, yet evidence-based supportive interventions are lacking. This unmet need is likely to grow as advances in biomarkers and predictive testing l...

Frequency and Circumstances of Falls Events in People Living With Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy: A Cross‐Sectional Survey

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is an adult-onset X-linked neuromuscular disorder associated with progressive weakness, sensory involvement and impaired mobility. Falls appear frequent in SBMA, but their real-world frequency and circumstances hav...

Development of postpartum-specific extensions to the PROMIS sleep disturbance and sleep-related impairment item banks

Abstract Background Postpartum sleep is a unique construct, and existing sleep patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) do not adequately address some of its fundamental domains. We aimed to develop postpartum-specific extension items to the PROMIS Sleep Disturbance (SD) and Sle...

Visual, vestibular, and ocular motor changes during nitroglycerin‐triggered vestibular migraine

BACKGROUND: Intravenous nitroglycerin (NTG) is a well-established model for provoking migraine attacks, but it has not previously been used to characterize vestibular migraine (VM). Different types of nystagmus have been reported during spontaneous VM attacks. We aimed to measure...

Secondary patella resurfacing following primary total knee arthroplasty

Aims Our aims were to assess joint-specific outcome (JSO), health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and patient satisfaction following secondary patella resurfacing (SPR), and to define a patient-acceptable symptom state (PASS). Methods This retrospective study was conducted over...