Università della Svizzera italiana

Chronic alanine aminotransferase elevation in people with HIV : Time trends over 22 years and genetic predisposition

Abstract Introduction Chronic elevation of alanine aminotransferase (cALT) is common in people with HIV. Published reports on cALT prevalence time trends have not been uniform. It is unknown whether genetic background is associated with cALT in people with HIV. Methods cALT was d...

Everything you always wanted to know about sleep, but you were afraid to ask: expert concise guide and recommendations on assessing sleep-wake disturbances within a psychiatric context in contemporary times

OBJECTIVE: While disrupted sleep has long been linked to mental disorders there has been a notable decrease in interest and sleep-wake disorders have received low priority in psychiatric care. The aim of the paper was to present a concise guide for evaluating common sleep-wake di...

How Brokers Enable Collective Identity Formation in Fragmented Industry Groups: The Case of Franciacorta Wineries

Abstract This study illuminates the role of brokers, that is, actors spanning inter‐organizational boundaries, in the process of collective identity formation in fragmented industry groups. Through an in‐depth longitudinal analysis of the Franciacorta wineries from the 1960s to t...

SEDCoT: Enhancing LLM-Based COBOL Code Translation via Symbolic Execution and Delta Debugging

COBOL remains critical across banking, insurance, and government infrastructure. However, maintenance is increasingly challenging due to outdated technologies, sparse documentation, and developer retirement, necessitating code translation into modern languages like C. Traditional...

Testing Retrieval-Augmented Generation Systems with Chunk Coverage

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)-based systems are increasingly deployed in high-stakes settings where correct behaviour depends not only on the language model but also on the retrieval component that selects external documents at inference time. While existing RAG evaluation...

Transition from laparoscopic to robotic hepatectomy within a minimally invasive liver surgery program: risk-adjusted learning curve assessment by multiple continuous outcomes

Abstract Training in minimally invasive liver surgery (MILS) usually encompasses prior laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) experience before moving to robotic liver resections (RLR). We analyzed the risk-adjusted learning curve of MILS within the transition from LLR to RLR. Consec...

From Borders to Networks: The Changing Channels of Education Policy Diffusion in the American States

Abstract How do spatial proximity, policy networks, and temporal dynamics interact to shape education policy diffusion across the American states and have these channels of influence changed over time? This study introduces an integrated framework combining spatial-X (SLX) estima...

Smartphones, Peer Relationships, and Depressive Symptoms: A Six-Year Growth Model of Adolescent Mental Health

From a media psychology perspective, understanding how digital behaviors influence mental health requires attention to individual differences and changes over time. This study examined longitudinal associations among smartphone use, peer relationships, and depressive symptoms usi...

Social welfare across the Middle East and North Africa: A configurational typology

Abstract Comparative welfare-regime typologies were constructed from a set of wealthy democracies in which several conditions held so reliably that they remained unstated: that welfare systems cover the national population, that financing rests on taxation or contributory insuran...

FOXC1 and its lncRNA FOXCUT link DNA methylation to a chondrocyte phenotype dysfunction

Abstract Objective With current osteoarthritis (OA) therapies limited to symptom management, understanding molecular drivers of disease progression is critical. As epigenetic mechanisms increasingly appear central to OA pathogenesis, this study aimed to identify epigenetically dy...

Predicting calcification risk in prosthetic aortic valves: a hybrid physics-based and machine learning approach

Abstract Calcific degeneration remains the foremost failure mode of bioprosthetic aortic valves and a mounting concern for polymeric substitutes. Six prosthetic valve configurations, pairing two leaflet scallop geometries (V-shaped D1 V and U-shaped D2 U ) with three constitutive...

Clinical Management of Myocardial Infarction

Despite notable advancements in the acute and long-term management, coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction (MI) remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Atherothrombosis overlying coronary plaque rupture or erosion is the main pathophysiological mechanism of MI...

The Role of Emotions in Engendering Commitment to an Organizational Purpose

Creating a compelling organizational purpose that motivates employees and resonates with stakeholders is a key responsibility of top management teams (TMTs). While much is known about how TMTs seek employee commitment, little is understood about the exact process through which TM...

Strategic search: Adaptation of internal fit and market positioning under competition

Abstract Research Summary Firms seeking competitive advantage need both internal fit and a distinctive market position, yet strategy research says little about how the search for the two is related. We develop a model of strategic search that integrates an NK landscape with diffe...

Defining fever-related discomfort in children: an international Delphi consensus

Fever is one of the most common symptoms in childhood and a frequent reason for medical consultation. Current guidelines recommend treating fever only when discomfort is present. However, the concept of fever-related discomfort remains poorly defined and inconsistently applied in...

Analysis of Eigenvalue Clustering Leads to Optimal Scaling in Numerical Radiative Transfer

ABSTRACT We consider a multidimensional polychromatic radiative transfer (RT) problem, accounting for scattering processes in a general form, that is, anisotropic (dipole) scattering with partial frequency redistribution. Given a discrete ordinates () discretization, we report th...

Antithrombotic therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with atrial fibrillation: an individual patient data network meta-analysis

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Randomized trials demonstrated that in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) and a P2Y12 inhibitor reduce bleeding compared with vitamin K antagonist (VKA) plus dual antipl...

Giovanni Antonio Scopoli's De Hydrargyro Idriensi Tentamina (1761): Mercury Mining, Mercurialism, and Preventive Reasoning in Eighteenth‐Century Occupational Medicine

Giovanni Antonio Scopoli (1723-1788), a physician-naturalist of the Enlightenment, is primarily remembered for his contributions to botany and entomology. Less attention has been paid to his medical work De hydrargyro Idriensi Tentamina physico-chymico-medica (1761), written duri...

From Structureto Dynamics: Activation Mechanism ofthe G Protein-Coupled Bile Acid Receptor 1-Gs Complex

Abstract The G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1, also known as TGR5) is a key mediator of bile acid signaling, exerting its physiological effects through coupling with the stimulatory G protein (Gs). This interaction stabilizes the receptor’s active state and triggers...

Institutionalizing Transdisciplinarity in Higher Education: Strategic Areas and Reflexive Governance

This article proposes a practice-informed institutional design framework for embedding transdisciplinarity (TD) as an operational orientation in higher education. Building on the Reflexive and Situated Model for Institutionalizing Transdisciplinarity, the study examines how TD ca...