Union Hospital

Efficacy and safety of PD-L1 versus PD-1 inhibitors as consolidation therapy following concurrent chemoradiotherapy for unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer: a real-world retrospective study

The PACIFIC trial established consolidation immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) following concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) as standard care for unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Both programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death‑ligand 1...

High–spatiotemporal resolution deuterium metabolic imaging enables in vivo phenotyping of intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity

Intra- and intertumoral heterogeneities raise fundamental biological questions and have important implications for accurate cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. These heterogeneities reflect tumor complexity, including a pronounced diversity in metabolic phenotypes and pro...

Causal effects of diabetes and alcohol intake on Dupuytren’s disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study in UK Biobank and FinnGen

Background: Dupuytren's disease (DD) is associated with metabolic and lifestyle traits. However, these associations remain uncertain because exposures frequently cluster, and conventional studies are vulnerable to residual confounding and reverse causation. Methods: A two-sample...

An explainable biomedical foundation model via large-scale concept-enhanced vision–language pretraining

Artificial intelligence for medical imaging is required to be accurate and interpretable to clinicians. However, current multimodal biomedical foundation models often prioritize performance over explainability. Here we present ConceptCLIP, an explainable biomedical foundation mod...

Neutrophil heterogeneity and crosstalk with cerebral-resident cells: therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke

Acute ischemic stroke elicits a robust inflammatory response within the brain. As one of the first peripheral immune cells to infiltrate the ischemic parenchyma, neutrophils show high heterogeneity and engage in complex crosstalk with resident brain cells. In this review, we firs...

The Role of Lachnospiraceae in Liver Diseases: Recent Advances and Clinical Application Prospects

Chronic liver diseases impose a considerable global public health burden, yet available treatment options remain largely inadequate. The gut microbiota exerts a key modulatory effect on liver disease pathogenesis via the gut-liver axis. Among them, Lachnospiraceae, a dominant bac...

Attitudes to sex education among undergraduates without medical background in China

This study, guided by the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) theory, aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and needs regarding sex education among undergraduates without medical background at Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan, China. This cross-sectio...

The COACH theory formalizes clinical reasoning in the development and validation of medical artificial intelligence systems

The development and deployment of medical artificial intelligence (AI) systems are limited by two persistent gaps: clinician knowledge is often introduced late in development as labels or annotations, and deployed systems often provide outputs that are difficult to reconcile with...

Cancer drug response and resistance: molecular mechanisms and combating strategies

Despite remarkable advances in cancer drug treatment, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, therapeutic resistance remains a formidable clinical barrier, limiting durable responses and long-term survival. Drug resistance can be broadly categorized as intrin...

Deep learning-based analysis of paraspinal muscle changes in lumbar disc herniation

Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a predominant cause of low back pain, significantly affecting the quality of life of patients and closely linked to the condition of paraspinal muscles (PSM). However, existing two-dimensional (2D) measurement techniques that rely on muscle cross-s...

Nasolacrimal duct obstruction following allo-HSCT: an overlooked manifestation of ocular graft-versus-host disease

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a curative treatment for a broad spectrum of benign and malignant haematological disorders [ 1 ]. However, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains a major long-term complication, with ocular involvement occurring...

Glycolytic reprogramming and the EMT drive cervical cancer progression via the NQO1/HIF1α-SIX1 axis

Cervical cancer aggressiveness and therapeutic resistance are driven by metabolic reprogramming and redox imbalance. Within this context, NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), a critical regulator of cellular redox homeostasis and energy metabolism, is highly expressed in sev...