Umm al-Qura University

Attack-Aware Event-Triggered Impulsive Control for Switched Nonlinear Systems via Multi-Diffeomorphism

This paper develops a unified hybrid control architecture for switched nonlinear systems under aperiodic denial-of-service (DoS) attacks with non-minimum phase internal dynamics. The methodology relies on three technical pillars: multi-diffeomorphism input-output linearization, a...

Adjunctive Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Activated with Autologous Thrombin Serum for a Refractory Below-Knee Amputation Stump Wound: A Case Report

Background and Clinical Significance: Refractory below-knee amputation (BKA) stump wounds can delay prosthetic rehabilitation. This report describes wound healing during multimodal care that included autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) activated with autologous thrombin serum (...

Financial Structure and Profitability of Green Bond Issuers: Evidence Across Financial and Non-Financial Firms

Green bonds represent a significant financing instrument for climate mitigation and environmentally sustainable investments. Despite their growing importance, empirical evidence remains limited regarding the joint influence of firm-specific financial characteristics and macroecon...

Green Recycling of Waste Tire Rubber Crumb: Characterization and Water Treatment Applications

Discarded tires are adding to the waste problem that exists worldwide and requires proper recycling methods. Rather than employing chemicals or energy-intensive thermal treatments, which leads to an increase in environmental pollution, in this work, the discarded tires are subjec...

Evaluating the effects of metronidazole, metformin, and onion extract on GAPDH activity and nitric oxide production in Blastocystis sp. cultures: a biochemical and therapeutic approach

Abstract Background Blastocystis sp. is a highly prevalent anaerobic intestinal protozoan increasingly associated with gastrointestinal disorders. Its survival within the gut microenvironment depends on metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, where glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehyd...

Influence of outdoor running surface type on loading rate and lower-limb kinematics

Abstract Background Running surface characteristics may influence loading rate and lower-limb biomechanics during running. However, evidence regarding the effects of outdoor running surfaces remains limited. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of different outdoor runn...

Sustainable development of multifunctional epoxy composites reinforced with jujube seed particles

Abstract This study investigates the multi-functional performance of epoxy composites reinforced with Indian wild jujube ( Ziziphus mauritiana ) seed particles as a sustainable and low-cost reinforcement. Composites were fabricated by hand layup with particle concentrations of 4,...

Numerical analysis of melting heat transfer in stratified Casson nanofluid flow over an inclined wedge for energy-efficient thermal systems

Purpose Given the diverse applications of nanoparticles, blood transport and stratified flow in medical and industrial domains, this study was conducted. Design/methodology/approach Nonlinear thermal stratification is used to capture realistic, high-gradient thermal environments...

Ebola Virus Persistence in Immune-Privileged Niches: Molecular Mechanisms, Host–Virus Interactions, and Therapeutic Opportunities

Ebola virus disease (EVD) has traditionally been conceptualized as an acute, fulminant illness culminating in either death or apparent systemic viral clearance. However, clinical, virological, and genomic evidence gathered since the 2013–2016 West African epidemic demonstrates th...

Bavachin Attenuates Cognitive Impairment in Scopolamine‐Induced Amnesia: Behavioral, Biochemical and Molecular Insights

ABSTRACT Cholinergic dysfunction is a key feature of cognitive impairment, and currently available acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors provide limited symptomatic benefit and are often associated with adverse effects. This study evaluated the cognitive‐protective effects of ba...

Myricetin Modulates Quorum Sensing-Associated Phenotypes, Virulence, and Biofilm Formation in Pathogenic Bacteria: In Vitro and In Silico Studies

Background/Objectives: The rapid emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among pathogenic bacteria has necessitated the development of alternative therapeutic strategies that target bacterial virulence rather than cell viability. Methods: In this study, the flavonoid myriceti...

Fractional optimal control of hantavirus transmission between rodents and humans

This paper studies a fractional optimal control problem for a hantavirus transmission model involving interactions between rodent reservoirs and human populations. The model is formulated through a modified SIR–SIR structure, where both humans and rodents are divided into suscept...

Lite-BiAttn: A Lightweight CNN-BiLSTM Attention Model for Accurate Solar Radiation Forecasting

Reliable short-term prediction of global horizontal irradiance (GHI) is essential for maximizing photovoltaic (PV) power generation, improving grid reliability, and enabling efficient integration of renewable energy sources. This study proposes Lite-BiAttn, a lightweight hybrid d...

Novel Al-ZnO/i-ZnO/ZnCo₂O₄ heterojunction design for high-performance ultraviolet photodetectors

This work presents the fabrication and investigation of heterojunction devices based on Al-doped ZnO (AZO), intrinsic ZnO (i-ZO), and ZnCo₂O₄ (ZCO) thin films using the spray pyrolysis technique, evaluating their structural, electrical, and optical properties. Hall Effect measure...

Energy-efficient thermal performance of walls and windows for four building orientations in four Indian climatic zones: A verified dynamic analysis of insulation, glazing type and glazing area

Facade design rules for Indian dwellings are still drawn largely from mid-latitude studies. This article presents a verified dynamic analysis of the thermal performance and energy requirements of external walls and windows for four orientations in New Delhi, Mumbai, Jaipur and Sh...

Neonatal and Maternal Sepsis in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries, 1990–2023: A Global Burden of Disease Analysis and Forecast to 2050

Introduction: Sepsis remains an important cause of preventable morbidity and mortality, but long-term trends in neonatal and maternal sepsis across the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) have not been well characterized. Methods: We analysed Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 estima...

CryoModel-4K: physics-based BSIM4 extension for 28 nm bulk CMOS compact modeling at 4 Kelvin

Abstract Accurate compact transistor models for 28 nm bulk CMOS at cryogenic temperatures are essential for reliable quantum computing interface circuit design. Existing room-temperature BSIM4 models fail to capture carrier mobility freeze-out, subthreshold swing saturation, curr...

Behaviour and design of aluminium CHS in compression and bending

This study presents an experimental investigation of extruded aluminium circular hollow sections (CHS) subjected to compression and bending, with emphasis on local buckling and the design of slender sections. Nine stub column and seven four-point bending tests were conducted on a...

Development of clinical risk score for differentiating diabetic from non-diabetic kidney disease in a middle eastern cohort

Differentiating diabetic kidney disease (DKD) from non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD) is challenging. Kidney biopsy remains the gold standard. The primary objective was to develop a clinically useful risk prediction model to distinguish DKD from NDKD. We retrospectively analyzed...

Advances in Multimodal Artificial Intelligence in Radiology: Data Integration, Foundation Models, and Clinical Applications—A Narrative Review

Background/Objectives: Multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in radiology to combine medical images with radiology reports, clinical narratives, structured health records, laboratory measurements, and other patient data. These systems may support more conte...