The University of Melbourne

DynamicTechno-Economic and Environmental Analysisof Biofuel, Powerfuel, and Hybrid Sustainable Aviation Fuel Pathways

Abstract Decarbonising aviation demands scalable, cost-effective sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) solutions to meet 2050 net-zero targets. This study aims to evaluate the comparative performance and longer-term implications of key mature and emerging SAF pathways under real world...

Rethinking Muscle Wasting in Critical Illness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Myofiber Size and Protein Turnover

OBJECTIVES: To identify biological findings underlying skeletal muscle dysfunction in adults with critical illness and meta-analyze myofiber cross-sectional area and protein turnover variables. DATA SOURCES: Six databases were electronically searched from inception to January 202...

AI failures in the eyes of the downstream developer: a first look at concerns, practices, and challenges

Abstract With the advancement of AI models, more software systems are adopting AI as a component to facilitate automation. Pre-trained models (PTMs) have become a cornerstone of AI-based software, allowing for rapid integration and development with lower training cost. However, t...

An autoinflammatory CDC42 variant M45L demonstrates the mechanism of pyrin inflammasome activation

CDC42 is an evolutionarily conserved guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) regulating critical cellular and immune processes. Variants in CDC42 therefore cause a spectrum of developmental phenotypes, including hematological and immunological symptoms. Here, we identify a previously u...

Metabolic reprogramming enables transient survival and envelope remodelling in Staphylococcus aureus under dalbavancin treatment

Clinical failure of antibiotic therapy can occur in the absence of measurable resistance, yet the biological basis of this discordance remains poorly understood. Here, we identify a transient survival phenotype that limits dalbavancin efficacy and may contribute to treatment fail...

Historical Anti-Fascism and Right-Wing Voting in Italy

We study how anti-fascist opposition during Mussolini’s dictatorship affects post-war support for right-wing parties in Italy. We construct a measure of anti-fascism from the universe of recorded opponents, and use newly digitized historical data to resolve simultaneity between t...

Implementing evidence in residential aged care facilities: a longitudinal multi-method evaluation of knowledge broker evolution

Background Knowledge brokers act as intermediaries to bridge evidence-to-practice gaps. Limited evidence describes how the knowledge broker role in health settings evolves over time. This study aimed to (a) examine the evolution of knowledge broker activities over a 12-month impl...

Assembly of Bioactive Superstructures via Metal–Phenolic Complexation for Blood Purification

ABSTRACT Hyperbilirubinemia, which stems from bilirubin accumulation caused by liver failure, can lead to jaundice, multi‐organ damage, and mortality. Hemoperfusion is the most effective detoxification approach, and its efficacy critically depends on the adsorbent system. However...

International healthcare professionals’ competence in caring for LGBTQ+ children and young people: a combined qualitative and quantitative approach

Objective To evaluate healthcare professionals’ attitudes, knowledge and clinical preparedness in caring for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning; the + denoting inclusion of all identities (LGBTQ+) children and young people across international healthcare setti...

Modelling the effects of travel time use on mode choice and the value of travel time savings: tackling self-selection and endogeneity bias

Preferences for travel-based activities may lead individuals to choose travel modes that best accommodate activity needs. In theory, “passengerised” modes, such as public transport and automated vehicles (AVs), could become the preferred travel options, as they enable a wider ran...

From Testing to Treatment: A Mixed-Methods Study of Organisational Readiness for Intravenous Iron for Pregnant Women with Anaemia in Bangladesh

Abstract Anaemia affects over one-third of pregnant women in Bangladesh, leading to serious consequences including maternal death and stillbirth. Yet, only about half of pregnant women are tested for anaemia, and few receive intravenous iron – an effective treatment option. It re...

Performance Evaluation in Small Hierarchical Call Centres in a Transient Regime: A Case Study

Abstract This paper addresses a fundamental and practically significant problem in call centre operations, determining optimal call allocation policies and evaluating their performance so as to meet client service targets while minimising staffing costs. Motivated by a problem pr...

ANALYSIS OF THE CARRYING CAPACITY AND SETTLEMENT CAPACITY IN ASSESSING THE READINESS OF KARANGNUNGGAL DISTRICT AS A CANDIDATE FOR THE CAPITAL OF SOUTH TASIKMALAYA REGENCY.

<ns5:p>Background The formation of the New Autonomous Region Candidate of South Tasikmalaya Regency has designated Karangnunggal District as a potential location for the regency capital. As the center of government and local activities, Karangnunggal faces significant challenges...

Reduced Complexity Model Intercomparison Project phase 3: experimental protocol for coordinated constraining and evaluation of reduced-complexity models

Abstract. Reduced-Complexity Models (RCMs) are a critical tool for synthesising climate science knowledge and providing climate projections for a wide range of emissions scenarios. The Reduced-Complexity Model Intercomparison Project (RCMIP) provides a framework for the coordinat...

Mauritius: assessing its international agency

Mauritius has developed international agency through various means. The island state occupies a strategically important location in the western Indian Ocean, with India as the leading power, but other powers such as China, the United States and France are also involved. Internati...

Stochasticity in response to rostrocaudal and mediolateral determinants influences inaccurate specification within kidney organoids

The differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to kidney requires the accurate recapitulation of complex morphogenetic patterning events within an in vitro environment. Current protocols are assumed to accurately pattern through intermediate mesoderm to kidney with outcomes...

Progress, challenges, and future directions of pancreatic cancer surveillance in high-risk populations

Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal malignancies because most patients are diagnosed with advanced disease, when curative treatment is rarely possible. Population-wide screening is not currently recommended because pancreatic cancer remains relatively uncommon. Early...

Developmental Care and Follow‐Up of Infants Exposed to Alcohol and/or Drugs in Utero: An Australian Benchmarking Survey

AIM: Infants exposed to alcohol and/or drugs (AoD) in utero are at considerable risk for developmental complications which are amenable to early intervention. There are no published guidelines in Australia for the allied health care of infants and toddlers (0-2 years) who have be...

Under Construction: Reproducing Colonial Landscape Perspectives in Natural Resource Management of Public Reserves

The values and land use preferences deemed legitimate in natural resource management are not neutral—they are circumscribed by inherited colonial structures that determine which landscape perspectives carry weight in public decision-making processes. This paper examines a land sw...

Mapping pediatric cardiac troponin testing worldwide: results from the IFCC survey on emerging applications, standardization needs and access

OBJECTIVES: Limited guidance on the use and interpretation of cardiac troponin (cTn) testing in pediatric populations has restricted its broader adoption, despite the significant burden of congenital and acquired cardiac conditions in children. This survey aimed to evaluate globa...