Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)

A waveguide kinetics framework for electrochemical polarization

The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) constitute the core electrochemical processes in a wide array of clean energy technologies, including but not limited to, water-splitting systems and fuel cells. However, the HER and HOR exhibits an a...

A new data-driven model for rapid urban low-level wind field simulation using conditional generative adversarial networks

Rapid and accurate representation of urban low-altitude wind fields is essential for understanding urban wind environments, assessing ventilation performance, and supporting emerging low-altitude aviation applications. Conventional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) provides reli...

Achieve Medium‐Range SST Forecast by Rolling 1‐Day Deep Learning

Abstract Deep learning has revolutionized short‐term Sea Surface Temperature (SST) forecasting, but often struggles with cumulative error propagation and operational complexity in medium‐range predictions. To achieve lightweight and temporally continuous SST forecast, this study...

An interpretable multi-scale deep learning framework for dam displacement prediction and automated early warning of structural health monitoring

Accurate prediction of displacement and early warning are fundamental to dam structural health monitoring (SHM). Hydrostatic, thermal, and aging-related environmental drivers affect dam displacements at different response rates, leading to heterogeneous hysteresis effects. Existi...

Y and Zn co-doped Ba(Fe,Zr)O3−δ perovskite: A cobalt-free oxygen electrode material for the high-stable proton ceramic electrochemical cells

Developing active and durable oxygen electrodes for both oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions at low temperatures remains a major challenge for proton ceramic electrochemical cells (PCECs). Herein, a cobalt-free Y and Zn co-doped Ba(Fe,Zr)O 3−δ perovskite (BFZYZ) is de...

Pronounced megafaunal community transition driven by polymetallic nodule cover in the Northwest Pacific abyss

Polymetallic nodules provide essential hard substrata for benthic fauna and are widely assumed to enhance biodiversity on abyssal plains. Yet, our understanding of how nodule cover shapes megafaunal communities remains limited and largely restricted to low nodule cover conditions...

FOXO1a and IL10/IL10rb-associated responses coordinate myelin preservation and immune–redox homeostasis during viral neuroinflammation

Neurotropic viral infections can cause rapid neurological deterioration, but disease severity reflects pathogen burden and the capacity of neural tissues to tolerate infection-associated stress. Using a zebrafish larval model of nervous necrosis virus (NNV) infection, we found th...

Conditional cooling from large-scale urban afforestation: ecosystem functioning and planning implications

Large-scale urban afforestation is increasingly promoted as a Nature-Based Solution for reducing urban heat. Yet afforestation does not cool cities uniformly, and the conditions under which it delivers sustained thermal benefits remain poorly understood. This uncertainty limits t...

Current status of ocean observation, ensemble reanalysis and CMIP6 models in describing Antarctic Bottom Water

Abstract. Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW), a key component of the global meridional overturning circulation, forms in distinct regions around Antarctic coasts. The properties of AABW from different sources can be distinguished by their temperature and salinity properties. This stud...

An AI-driven reconstruction of global surface temperature with emphasis on refining the Antarctic record

Abstract. Accurate estimates of long-term surface temperature (ST) changes are fundamental not only for assessing observed warming, but also for improving the reliability of future climate projections. However, substantial missing information in global ST datasets, remains a majo...

Histological, physiological and transcriptomic responses of the gill, kidney and liver of orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) to acute ammonia stress

Ammonia is a pervasive environmental stressor in intensive aquaculture systems that compromises fish health and productivity. Here, we characterized histological, physiological, and transcriptomic responses in the gill, kidney, and liver of surviving Epinephelus coioides followin...

Plume‐Fed Magmatic Fluids Weakened Crust and Promoted a Large Intraplate Earthquake in Northern Hainan (South China)

Abstract Large intraplate earthquakes are paradoxical because they occur far from active plate boundaries. Northern Hainan Island (South China) hosts the 1605 Qiongbei M7.5 earthquake within a volcanic province linked to the Hainan mantle plume. New shear‐wave velocity images rev...

Modulation of High‐Temperature Events in the Pearl River Delta by Tropical Cyclones With Different Track Types

ABSTRACT This study investigates how different tropical cyclone (TC) track types modulate high‐temperature events in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) of China and how these effects may change under global warming, using observational and reanalysis datasets together with high‐resoluti...

Strong tropical cyclones have a more gradual increase trend through interaction with ocean subsurface

Understanding changes in global tropical cyclone (TC) intensity and their long-term trends is critical for enhancing societal resilience. Given their disproportionate impacts, shifts in strong TCs, which are defined here as Category 4 and above, are of particular concern. We exam...

Global rice methane emissions tripled over six decades amid declining emission intensity

Abstract Rice paddies are among the largest anthropogenic sources of methane (CH4), yet substantial uncertainties persist in the long-term magnitude and spatiotemporal dynamics of the emissions. Here we show a spatially explicit global estimate of rice CH4 emissions from 1961 to...

Tracking Variability in Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Riverine Inputs to the Iberian Margin Over the Last 250 kyr

Abstract The Iberian Margin provides an exceptional archive of climate variability due to its high sedimentation rates. However, uncertainties persist regarding the provenance of terrigenous detrital sediments on the Iberian Margin, and the climate‐driven changes in their source...

Two Modes of Self‐Organizing Development of Extreme Rainfall‐Producing Storms in South China

Abstract The convective‐scale dynamics of extreme rainstorms on monsoon coasts (South China) remain poorly understood. This study uses the advanced coupled model WRF‐Chem‐MOSAIC for a 90‐hr, 3‐km simulation, reasonably capturing the thermodynamic conditions, inhomogeneous near‐su...

A Generalization of Marstrand’s Theorem and Some Geometric Applications

Abstract In this paper we prove using quite elementary methods, with a combinatorial nature, two general results related to Marstrand’s projection theorem in a quite general formulation over metric spaces under a suitable transversality condition (the “projections" are in princip...

New species and suborder records reveal unusually high thaliacean (Chordata, Tunicata) diversity in the South China Sea

In the context of global biodiversity decline, the monitoring and assessment of marine biodiversity have gained increasing importance. Thaliacea, a group of filter-feeding gelatinous zooplankton, play crucial roles in the carbon cycle and pelagic food webs, yet their diversity re...

Measurement report: Development of a portable peroxy radical measurement system and application for diagnosing local ozone formation and transport

Abstract. Atmospheric total peroxy radicals RO2* (RO2∗=HO2+∑RO2) play central roles in tropospheric chemistry, governing the formation of ozone and secondary aerosols. However, due to their extremely low concentrations and high reactivity, direct observation of RO2* remains chall...