Semmelweis University

From general-purpose models to purpose-built artificial intelligence Systems for Health economic Modeling

INTRODUCTION: Health economic models (HEMs) provide a solid foundation for reimbursement policy decisions that shape patient access to new treatments and the allocation of scarce healthcare resources. Model development is labor-intensive and time-consuming, often requiring months...

Transcriptome profiling of human hypothalamic agouti-related protein and proopiomelanocortin neurons regulating energy homeostasis

Abstract We present and validate a pioneering ‘IHC/LCM-Seq’ method for transcriptome profiling of spatially defined neuronal cell types detected with immunohistochemistry in sections of formaldehyde-fixed human brains. Application of IHC/LCM-Seq to male human hypothalami enables...

The Universal Boundary Quotient of an Observed Representation: Maximal Equivariant Structure and an Exact Tripartite Conservation Law

AbstractA representation resolves some perturbations of a system and leaves others undetected, and the orbit-stabiliser relation makes that division an exact two-term conservation law. Between the perturbations that move nothing and those that move the output without law lies a t...

Sensory stimulation triggers different spike responses in serotonin and dopamine neurons in the dorsal midbrain tegmentum

Abstract The dorsal midbrain tegmentum, including the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG), contains diverse neuronal populations. Within this region, serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) neurons are the principal monoaminergic cell types and...

Triple potentiator combinations increase the functional correction of several CFTR gating mutants

The Trikafta drug combination, comprising the corrector tezacaftor (VX-661), the potentiator ivacaftor (VX-770) and the dual corrector/potentiator elexacaftor (VX-445), has been FDA-approved for treatment of cystic fibrosis caused by ~300 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance...

Spiritual Well-Being as a Patient-Reported Assessment Dimension in Advanced Cancer: Clinical Validation and Quality-of-Life Implications

Background: In advanced cancer care, routine clinical assessment often focuses on symptoms, treatment tolerance, and disease status, while spiritual well-being remains insufficiently explored despite its relevance to quality of life (QoL). Standardized patient-reported tools may...

Limited Discriminatory Capacity of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Prediabetes and Increased Diabetes Risk: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background and Objectives: To determine whether continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived metrics can differentiate between normoglycemia, increased diabetes risk (FINDRISC+) and prediabetes and to assess whether CGM-derived metrics provide additional discriminatory information...

Preoperative Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Is Associated with Lymphovascular Space Invasion and Nodal Metastasis in Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Background: Prognosis in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) is strongly influenced by lymph node involvement and adverse clinicopathological features. Systemic inflammatory indices derived from blood counts may reflect tumor–host interactions associated with adverse pathologic...

Concurrent validity of wearable inertial sensors for postural sway assessment during quiet standing compared with force plates: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Wearable inertial sensors are increasingly used for postural sway assessment, but their concurrent validity with force plates during quiet standing has not been quantitatively synthesized. This systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42024596870) pooled concurr...

Information leakage and performance overestimation in EEG-based schizophrenia detection: evidence from literature and empirical analyses

Abstract Detecting schizophrenia (SZ) from electroencephalography (EEG) signals using machine- and deep learning models gained traction lately due to potential utility in early disease detection and differential diagnosis. Classification performance reports in the range of 95% ac...

Donor-SetSwitching in Morpholine-Functionalized 8-Hydroxyquinolines:Consequences for Metal Binding and the Bioactivity of RhCp* Complexes

Abstract Morpholine-functionalized 8-hydroxyquinoline (HQ) derivatives with reduced Schiff base linkers, Morph-Et-HQ and Morph-Pr-HQ, were synthesized and comprehensively characterized to investigate the influence of linker length on donor-set preference, metal binding, and the b...

Temporal Trends of Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Mortality Rates in Hungary Between 1980 and 2020

Background: Long-term mortality trends for melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in Hungary have not been comprehensively assessed. Methods: We conducted a retrospective nationwide study of deaths registered in Hungary between 1980 and 2020 among individuals aged 35 years...

Inscription of Quasi-Sinusoidal Surface Relief Optical Gratings in ZEONOR™ Cyclic Olefin Polymer by a 10.5 MeV N4+ Ion Microbeam at Low Implanted Fluences

Direct writing of microstructures in ZEONOR™ cyclic olefin polymer, using a high-energy medium-mass ion microbeam, was proposed and demonstrated. Microbeams of 10.5 MeV N4+ ions were used. The implanted fluences were between 2.5·1012 and 2.0·1013 ion/cm2. The microstructures were...

Ileus associated with intestinal tuberculosis after initiation of anti-tuberculosis therapy: a case report and scoping review of published cases

Abstract Introduction Tuberculosis remains a significant global health problem, with extrapulmonary involvement occurring in approximately 15–20% of cases. Intestinal tuberculosis may lead to serious complications such as ileus; however, due to the rarity of this condition, the c...

Characteristic central nervous system fingerprints and related molecular signatures in difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract Background Despite guideline-recommended treatment, approximately 30% of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients remain symptomatic and are classified as difficult-to-treat (D2T), representing an unmet clinical need. D2T RA is a heterogeneous state potentially involving diffe...

Panoramic Near-Infrared Imaging Device for Peripheral Vascular Mapping

Longitudinal mapping of the superficial peripheral vascular network is clinically relevant for conditions such as venous insufficiency, superficial venous thrombosis, and localized hemorrhagic injury; yet existing modalities are either operator-dependent, costly, or unable to pro...

CD36 ‐mediated lipid rewiring in the metabolic adaptation of tumour ecosystems

Tumour progression is increasingly recognised as a dynamic, complex ecosystem‐driven metabolic plasticity and resource utilisation within the tumour microenvironment. Among metabolic regulators, CD36, an important mediator of lipid uptake, has an emerging role in the lipid‐driven...

PDE10A Inhibition in Schizophrenia: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2 Study of Alofropodect (CPL’36) in Patients Experiencing Acute Schizophrenia

BACKGROUND: Drugs that inhibit phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) activity have shown efficacy in animal models. However, clinical trials of PDE10A inhibitors in patients with schizophrenia have failed to provide clinically significant results up to this point. Our study investigated...