Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital

Cost-Effectiveness of Annual Atrial Fibrillation Screening Compared with Current Opportunistic Screening in Australian Primary Care: A Model-Based Economic Evaluation

Although the guidelines recommend opportunistic screening for adults ≥ 65 years, screening for atrial fibrillation (AF) remains underutilised in Australia. The absence of guidance on how often to screen has resulted in variable practice and missed opportunities for AF detection....

Extracellular vesicle lipidomics liquid biopsy reveals systemic and tumor microenvironment metabolic reprogramming in ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, due to late‐stage diagnosis, tumor heterogeneity, and lack of biomarkers for early detection. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in plasma and ascites offer a minimally invasive source of tumor‐derived information, yet their l...

Vascular device practices in extremely preterm infants: an international cross-sectional survey

Abstract Objective To explore global practices in vascular device selection, securement, and monitoring for extremely preterm infants, and to assess regional variation. Study design A web-based cross-sectional survey was completed by one respondent per neonatal unit. Result We re...

A conical-reflector scintillation device for 3-dimensional measurement of radiotherapy beams: a feasibility study

Abstract This study presents a novel optical dosimetry system designed to support three-dimensional characterisation of radiotherapy beams using a single-camera imaging geometry. The system combines a large-volume cylindrical plastic scintillator with a conical reflector, enablin...

Traumatic pneumatoceles in adulthood: A case highlighting the limitations of supine chest radiography in trauma

Traumatic pneumatoceles are uncommon pulmonary pseudocysts that may occur following blunt thoracic trauma and can be entirely occult on chest radiography, potentially mimicking other cavitary lung pathologies. We present the case of a 52-year-old male transferred to a tertiary tr...

Seizure control and foetal malformation in primiparous women with Epilepsy: statistical analysis of data from a prospective observational study

Purpose To evaluate seizure control and foetal malformation in the first pregnancy of women with epilepsy through the analysis of the Australian Pregnancy Register database focusing of women with epilepsy intending or beginning their first pregnancy. This was achieved through a s...

Correlation of 3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging Neurogram to Histology for Large Nerve Perineural Spread From Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

ABSTRACT Introduction Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (cSCC) is a major health issue in Australia. Perineural spread (PNS) in cSCC carries a worse prognosis. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) neurogram is the best imaging modality to detect and define the zonal extent of PNS, al...

MELD-based allocation disproportionately prioritizes alcohol-associated hepatitis for liver transplant

Early liver transplantation (LT) is increasingly being adopted as a treatment for alcohol-associated hepatitis (AAH), but the optimal strategy for incorporating AAH into the existing organ allocation framework remains unclear. This retrospective cohort study used the United Netwo...

Optimized Brain Functional MRI for Patients With Deep Brain Stimulation Systems

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established neuromodulation therapy for Parkinson disease and other neurological disorders. Active DBS–functional MRI (fMRI) enables visualization of circuit engagement and may provide objective biomarkers of therapeut...

Why Metrics Matter in Thyroid Eye Disease

Importance Advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of thyroid eye disease (TED) provide an opportunity to use novel, targeted therapeutic agents. However, our capacity to assess the efficacy and indications for the new agents is potentially limited by the clinical me...

Understanding Belonging in Practice Placements – a Scoping Review of Studies Examining Health Professional Student Belonging

Abstract Background: Practice placements are an opportunity for health professional students to apply knowledge and skills in real-world environments. A growing body of evidence links students’ sense of belonging to enhanced learning and motivation in higher education. Given that...

Stroke clinical documentation education program in Australia and New Zealand

Background: Accurate and complete clinical documentation underpins the assignment of International Classification of Disease codes used for epidemiological research, hospital activity based funding, and health service planning. Objective: To develop, implement, and evaluate an ed...

Disrupted cerebellar networks in uncontrolled focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures

Abstract Objective Focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures (FBTC) are associated with significant morbidity and an elevated risk of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). The cerebellum has been implicated in modulating the frequency and severity of tonic–clonic seizures....

Salivary Extracellular Vesicles from Host, Bacteria and Fungus as Nanomessengers Reflecting Host−Microbiome Interaction in Periodontal Inflammation

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by the host and polymicrobial oral community are natural endogenous biological nanoparticles that mediate host-microbe interactions. Given their abundance in biofluids, host, fungal and bacterial EVs circulating in saliva may reflect periodon...

Validation of a Three‐Dimensional Handheld Scanner in Measuring Breast Anthropometrics

ABSTRACT Background Outcomes in aesthetic breast surgery are dependent on accurate pre‐operative breast measurements. The accuracy of large scale 3‐dimentional scanners has been reported, the use of handheld scanners has not been described. Objectives The authors aimed to determi...

Clinically significant hypokalaemia and the utilisation of cardiac telemetry in hospitalised adults

Hypokalaemia is one of the most common electrolyte abnormalities in hospitalised patients, with moderate (2.5–3.0 mmol/L) to severe (< 2.5 mmol/L) deficiency associated with an increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias, prolonged hospitalisation, and inpatient mortality [1]. While cl...

Outcomes of Microwave Ablation in T1a Renal Cell Carcinomas: A Retrospective Analysis

Abstract Microwave ablation (MWA) is a suitable nonsurgical alternative for management of T1a renal cell carcinomas (RCCs). Variation exists in reported guidelines regarding the use of MWA in RCCs measuring 30 to 40 mm in size. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evalu...

Protein Binding Determination of Cefepime, Flucloxacillin, Meropenem, Piperacillin and Tazobactam by Ultrafiltration in Critically Ill Patients: The Choice of Device Matters

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and pharmacokinetic studies of beta-lactam antibiotics in critically ill patients aim to define optimal dosing and require accurate measurement of unbound drug concentrations. This study compared the performance of two ultrafiltration devices, Ce...

The Effects of Continuous Venovenous Hemofiltration on Immunosuppressive Drug concentrations in an Ex‐Vivo Model of the critically Ill Adult: (CITRIC) study

BACKGROUND: The pharmacokinetics of immunosuppressive drugs during continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) modalities such as continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) are poorly understood, yet these drugs are crucial for transplant and critically ill patients. METHODS: A...

The clinical and molecular spectrum of AGO2-associated Lessel-Kreienkamp neurodevelopmental syndrome

Abstract Background Pathogenic variants in AGO2 ,encoding a central component of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), cause the neurodevelopmental disorder Lessel-Kreienkamp syndrome (LESKRES). The variant spectrum and associated molecular mechanisms underlying phenotypic va...