QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute

Associations of food processing and dietary risk factors with colorectal cancer incidence in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study: A cohort study

Background Ultra-processed foods (UPF) account for >50% of energy intake by US adults. UPF intake can include dietary components linked to lower colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, such as whole grain and dairy products, and others linked to higher CRC risk, such as processed meats, po...

Evaluating the impact of triple-drug mass drug administration using human and mosquito-based indicators of lymphatic filariasis in Samoa, 2019 – 2024

Background For lymphatic filariasis (LF) elimination, the World Health Organization recommends multiple rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) to interrupt transmission. While LF antigen (Ag) is routinely used to monitor progress, recent evidence suggests more time-sensitive in...

Clinical characteristics and semiological pitfalls in patients with focal epilepsy and functional/dissociative seizures: A comparative analysis of correct and incorrect initial diagnoses

OBJECTIVE: Both epilepsy and functional/dissociative seizures (FDS) can present with a wide variety of event manifestations which can appear similar in nature and contribute to misdiagnosis. Whereas many studies have addressed the misdiagnosis of FDS as epilepsy, research into th...

Big data and psychiatry: advances, constraints and future directions.

Early work in psychiatry research, often involving single sites, small samples, and limited variables, has shifted to contemporary research involving multiple sites, large samples, and many variables. Such research raises important questions, including concerns about data quality...

EaMIC3 inhibits cell apoptosis and facilitates Eimeria acervulina infection through interacting with EpCAM

Coccidiosis, caused by Eimeria acervulina, is a pathogenic protozoan disease, leading to huge economic losses to the global poultry industry. At the early stage of E. acervulina infection, microneme protein 3 (EaMIC3) is involved in the inhibition of infected host cell apoptosis,...

Intercellular Transfer of CD155 Mediated by Melanoma Extracellular Vesicles Downregulates DNAM-1 Expression on NK Cells

Melanoma is a highly immunogenic cancer, and immunotherapy is the first-line treatment for patients with advanced disease. However, CD155 overexpression in melanoma has been associated with resistance to immunotherapy. Whether CD155 can be transferred from tumour cells via extrac...

Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Machine Learning Uncovers Distinct Progression Patterns in Friedreich Ataxia

Abstract Background Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder with heterogenous clinical progression, complicating prognosis and trial design. Neuroimaging offers objective biomarkers of disease progression, yet variability in progression patterns remains poor...

Can Depression Polygenic Risk Score Predict Postinfective Fatigue Syndrome (PIFS) in the Dubbo Infection Outcomes Study (DIOS)?

Abstract Prospective cohorts show that a postinfective fatigue syndrome (PIFS) meeting criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) develops in roughly 1 in 10 people after diverse acute infections, independent of the triggering pathogen. Whether constitutional liability to affect...

Multiplex LAMP-LFA for rapid field-compatible detection of environmental DNA from Schistosoma japonicum and Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi

Abstract This study developed a field-adaptable multiplex Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification combined with Lateral Flow Assay (mLAMP-LFA) for simultaneous detection of Schistosoma japonicum and its intermediate host, Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi , in freshwater environments...

W8. HERITABILITY OF ACCELEROMETRY-DERIVED FEATURES OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, SLEEP AND CIRCADIAN RHYTHMICITY AND THEIR JOINT INFLUENCES IN YOUNG PEOPLE

Background Dysregulation of motor activity and sleep are key components of several mental disorders, particularly mood disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). There is growing evidence that profiles of 24-hour activity patterns may discriminate subgroups of...

T4. SHARED GENETIC ARCHITECTURE OF ANXIETY AND IMMUNE-MEDIATED CONDITIONS: FROM LATENT FACTORS TO FUNCTIONAL PATHWAYS

Background Anxiety disorders frequently co-occur with immune-mediated conditions, ranging from autoimmune and allergic disorders to increased vulnerability to infections. While growing attention has been paid to the shared genetic links between anxiety and immune conditions, exis...

94. IMPACT OF CHANGES IN DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA ON PERFORMANCE OF POLYGENIC RISK SCORES IN ADHD

Background The predictive power of polygenic risk scores (PRS) for ADHD has increased dramatically with the recent increases in GWAS sample size. However, in of the many genotyped cohorts contributing to the PGC ADHD working group participants were diagnosed prior to the release...

Correlation of 3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging Neurogram to Histology for Large Nerve Perineural Spread From Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

ABSTRACT Introduction Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (cSCC) is a major health issue in Australia. Perineural spread (PNS) in cSCC carries a worse prognosis. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) neurogram is the best imaging modality to detect and define the zonal extent of PNS, al...

Exploring the functions of NKG7 in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells during malaria

Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites, is a significant global health issue. CD4 + and CD8 + T cells are important for immunity against Plasmodium infections, but the specific roles of many immune-related effector molecules in T cells remain poorly defined. Here, we investigate...

Elevated Levels of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction Biomarkers Among Rural Indonesian Infants: Associations with Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Linear Growth

Abstract Objective To investigate the burden of environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) and its association with water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) and linear growth amongst infants in rural Central Java, Indonesia. Study design A longitudinal study of 119 infants aged between...

Inhibition of BRN2 in melanoma reverses anoikis resistance and sensitizes cells to killing by vemurafenib

Abstract Anoikis is an apoptotic cell death program triggered upon detachment from surrounding extracellular structures. However, the ability to evade cell death by anoikis in the presence of apoptosis-inducing stimuli is necessary for the formation of malignant tumors and progre...

Robust inference and correlates from genetic associations with personality

Personality traits describe stable differences in how people think, feel and behave, and how they interact with and experience their social and physical environments1,2. Many questions remain unanswered about associations between DNA and personality traits, such as their robustne...

Direct‐To‐Home Tele‐Neuropsychological Assessment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review

ABSTRACT Background Neuropsychological assessment via remote videoconference and telephone administration in the home setting (i.e., direct‐to‐home tele‐neuropsychological assessment) could increase service provision to older adults. However, current evidence has not yet been syn...

Validation of a Three‐Dimensional Handheld Scanner in Measuring Breast Anthropometrics

ABSTRACT Background Outcomes in aesthetic breast surgery are dependent on accurate pre‐operative breast measurements. The accuracy of large scale 3‐dimentional scanners has been reported, the use of handheld scanners has not been described. Objectives The authors aimed to determi...

Dissecting pleiotropy between major depressive disorder and physical disease comorbidities

Abstract Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is characterised by substantial comorbidity with medical conditions. To achieve better outcomes for patients with MDD, an improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying pervasive comorbidities is required. To this end, we map patterns...