Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso

Assessing the spatio-temporal cumulative drought effects on two Mediterranean forest types in Central Chile

Droughts are long-lasting events that can drive persistent functional changes in ecosystems, particularly in drought-prone areas like Mediterranean forests. We integrated a phenology-based anomaly method, combining kernel density estimation (KDE) with cumulative sums (CUSUMs) to...

Decoding multiway gravitational junctions in AdS in terms of holographic quantum maps

A bstract It has been shown that multiway junctions gluing n copies of locally AdS 3 spacetimes ( n ≥ 2) can be described by n − 1 strings obeying non-linear Nambu-Goto equations coupled by Monge-Ampère like terms. Here we study how such junctions along with their stringy degrees...

Overweight, Obesity, and Musculoskeletal Symptom Burden in Chile: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Background/Objectives: Musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) are among the leading causes of pain and functional limitation worldwide, yet population-level evidence linking excess body weight to MSS in Latin America remains scarce. This study examined the association between body mass i...

A fast radio burst at redshift 2, three billion years after the Big Bang

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration radio transients from extragalactic sources. Their frequency and polarization properties are affected by plasma and magnetic fields along the line of sight to Earth. We report radio observations of FRB 20240304B and near-infrared...

Teaching ocular semiology through asynchronous case-based discussion: a forum-based learning experience

In many healthcare professions, semiology is a core subject that supports the development of clinical reasoning skills, which are essential for patient assessment. However, teaching semiology is challenging, as it requires the integration of foundational knowledge, such as anatom...

Acculturation Processes and Food Neophobia

Food is a pivotal agent in the exchange of culture and the evolution of novel dietary practices, exerting influence on both immigrant communities and the host territories. Nevertheless, the process of acculturation frequently engenders tensions within migrant households, impactin...

Type I + II seesaw model in light of the new neutrino oscillation measurements

Abstract Global analysis of neutrino oscillation data slightly favors normal mass ordering. In this work, we investigate an extended scalar sector that naturally gives rise to a type I + II seesaw mechanism after spontaneous symmetry breaking and explore the interplay between col...

Beyond comoving volume: horizon flux and matter creation in modified cosmology from the unified first law of thermodynamics

Abstract We explore the derivation of the Friedmann equations from a thermodynamic perspective, applying the unified first law of thermodynamics to the apparent horizon of a flat Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) universe. We extend this framework to incorporate gravitat...

Cognitive vergence and pupil response during oddball task are associated with Alzheimer´s disease cerebrospinal fluid neurodegenerative biomarkers

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) can be diagnosed using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers reflecting amyloid and tau pathology. However, they provide no information about functional network status. We aimed to determine whether CSF biomarkers (Aβ42, p-Tau, t-Tau, and Aβ42/p-Tau ratio)...

Identity and (mis)recognition: Press narratives on the issuance of the first non-binary identity card in Chile

This article analyses the narratives constructed by digital press media in Chile around the issuance of the first non-binary identity card document in 2022. Nine journalistic articles were examined using narrative and structural analysis, in dialogue with the critical theory of r...

Exploring individual, interpersonal, community, and environmental correlates of active commuting to school among Spanish adolescents: the PACO study

Objectives To identify and analyze the individual, interpersonal, community, and environmental factors associated with active commuting to school (ACS) among Spanish adolescents, and to examine the contribution of correlates from multiple ecological domains to ACS. Methods A tota...

No late-time role for adiabatic torsion: a no-go result for Hubble-cutoff holographic dark energy in Einstein–Cartan cosmology

Abstract In Friedmann cosmology with Einstein–Cartan torsion, the homogeneous torsion mode compatible with a separately conserved matter sector scales as $$\Phi \propto a^{-3}$$ Φ ∝ a - 3 and enters the Friedmann constraint as a stiff component of negative energy density, $$-3\Ph...

Characterization of the Immune Response of Atlantic Salmon to Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi Using In Vivo and In Vitro Approaches

Tenacibaculosis, primarily caused by Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi in Chile, is now the second leading infectious cause of mortality in Chilean Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) farming, yet the host immune response remains uncharacterized. Here, we combined in vitro and in vivo approac...

Occurrence and Characterization of Graft-Transmissible Pathogens of Citrus in Orchards and Urban Citrus in Chile with a Focus on the Apscaviroid nanocitri

Apscaviroid nanocitri (citrus dwarfing viroid, CDVd) is a graft-transmissible pathogen that frequently coexists with other citrus viroids and affects tree vigor. This study evaluated the occurrence of citrus viroids in small growers and commercial orchards in Chile and characteri...

Effect of live yeasts and essential oils as functional feed additives on growth performance and stress response in juvenile cobia

The intensification of aquaculture introduces significant challenges, including increased exposure to environmental stressors that promote disease outbreaks, historically managed through antimicrobial use. As sustainable alternatives, functional feed additives are being explored...

Cognitive vergence and pupillary responses as functional oculomotor signatures to differentiate AT(N) biological profiles in older adults with mild cognitive impairment

Abstract The locus coeruleus (LC), the earliest site of tau accumulation in Alzheimer’s disease, directly influences pupillary and vergence oculomotor systems. Whether task-evoked oculomotor dynamics can non-invasively differentiate AT(N) profiles, A+T+ (biological Alzheimer’s di...

Bioinformatic Identification and Experimental Validation of Novel Antioxidant Peptides Derived from Salmon Collagen

The objective of this study was to identify and experimentally validate novel antioxidant peptides derived from salmon collagen through an integrated bioinformatic and experimental workflow. Collagen sequences from Salmo salar were subjected to in silico enzymatic hydrolysis, and...

Using Contextual Constraints in Bilingual Lexical Access: Evidence from Eye-Movements and Stimulated Recall

Aims and Objectives: This study combines eye-tracking measures and stimulated recall interview data to investigate how late Spanish–English bilinguals process interlingual homographs in sentence contexts that differ in semantic constraint, and how they report managing parallel ac...

Pain as Restrictive Biological Reorganization: A Dynamical Formalization of Action Domain Restriction

Recent naturalistic and enactivist proposals have reinterpreted pain as biological reorganization of the living system, grounded in the Biology of Cognition and non-dualist frameworks that treat pain as a structural modification of the organism rather than a mental representation...