Perimeter Institute

Pixelated Posterior Sampling of Point-spread Functions in Astronomical Images

Abstract We introduce a novel framework for upsampled point-spread function (PSF) modeling using pixel-level Bayesian inference. Accurate PSF characterization is critical for precision measurements in many fields, including weak lensing, astrometry, and photometry. Our method def...

Unveiling Hidden Lyman Alpha Emitters in the DESI DR1 Data

Abstract We present an automatic method based on machine learning convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture to detect Ly α emitters (LAEs) hidden in the Data Release 1 spectroscopic data set of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). Those LAEs mostly have incorrec...

1000 cataclysmic variables identified from DESI spectroscopy

Abstract Most cataclysmic variables (CVs) are discovered when they have an outburst generating an inherent selection bias against CVs that rarely, or never, outburst. CVs discovered by virtue of their spectroscopic characteristics are particularly valuable to offset this bias and...

Noncontextuality inequalities for prepare-transform-measure scenarios

We provide the first systematic technique for deriving witnesses of contextuality in prepare-transform-measure scenarios. More specifically, we show how linear quantifier elimination can be used to compute a polytope of correlations consistent with generalized noncontextuality in...

Neutrino Oscillation in a Minimal Length Spacetime

ABSTRACT We investigate how neutrino oscillations are modified in a non‐commutative spacetime characterized by a minimal length scale, described by the Quesne–Tkachuk algebra. By incorporating the algebra's deformation parameter into the effective neutrino mass, we derive the two...

Schopieray’s Galois-modular extension conjecture

Plavnik, Schopieray, Yu, and Zhang have drawn attention to those (automatically premodular) fusion subcategories of modular fusion categories which are submodules for the Galois action on the ambient category. In particular, they showed that a subcategory is a Galois submodule if...

Cosmological Constraints from Full-scale Clustering and Galaxy–Galaxy Lensing with DESI DR1

Abstract We present constraints on cosmic structure growth from the analysis of galaxy clustering and galaxy–galaxy lensing with galaxies from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 1. Our analysis includes four samples drawn from the Bright Galaxy Survey (B...

Joint Modeling of GD-1 and C-19 as Old Streams

Abstract DESI observational data for the GD-1 and C-19 streams are compared to stream simulations in an evolving multihalo potential of a Milky Way–like galaxy based on a cosmological Milky Way–like simulation. The number of subhalos decreases with time, and the subhalo-stream en...

The Composite Spectrum of QSO Absorption Line Systems in DESI DR2

Abstract We present details regarding a composite spectrum of quasar (QSO) absorption line systems. In this composite spectrum, we identify more than 70 absorption lines and observe oxygen and hydrogen emission features at a higher signal-to-noise ratio than any previous study. A...

Unitary causal decompositions: a characterisation via lattice theory

If a unitary transformation has a circuit representation with no directed path from input a to output b , then a does not influence b through the overall unitary. Conversely, if a unitary satisfies a number of no-influence conditions, it is natural to wonder whether a circuit dec...

Time symmetry in quantum theories and beyond

There exists a stark tension among different formulations of quantum theory as some are inherently time-symmetric while others are time-asymmetric. This tension is crisply captured when considering physical theories as theories of processes. We present the process theory of quant...

Measuring a Quantum Measure Exceeding Unity

The history based formalism known as Quantum Measure Theory (QMT) generalizes the concept of probability-measure so as to incorporate quantum interference. The resulting quantum measure μ is defined for arbitrary events (sets of histories), not just for observables at a fixed mom...

On recent measurements of toponium threshold enhancement in entire-function-regulated nonlocal quantum field theory

Abstract The recent (not so recent now) data from the LHC has a reported threshold enhancement in top-antitop production, we want to present a reinterpretation of the the recently published data. We do this in nonlocal quantum field theory and we show that the observed threshold...

Effective theory of quantum phases in the dipolar planar rotor chain

In this work, we develop a theoretical description of the collective behavior of interacting dipolar planar rotors by using time independent perturbation theory and a small angle quadratic approximation. The ground state properties of both the ordered and disordered quantum phase...

Mapping the nuclear environments of extreme coronal line emitting galaxies

Abstract Extreme coronal line emitters (ECLEs) are a rare class of galactic nuclei exhibiting unusually strong high-ionisation forbidden emission lines, and several ECLEs have been linked to tidal disruption events (TDEs). In this work, we compile and analyse optical spectra of 3...

Towards A Universal Analytical Model of Population III Star Formation: A Bridge Between Cosmological Scales and Protostars

Abstract We construct an analytical model of Population III star formation that connects the cosmological radiation background to sub-AU protostellar disk fragmentation, a dynamic range inaccessible to any single simulation. Our approach is based on combining separate models of t...

ODIN: Confirmation and 3D Reconstruction of Six Massive Protoclusters at Cosmic Noon

Abstract Protoclusters represent sites of accelerated galaxy formation and extreme astrophysical activity characteristic of dense environments. Identifying massive protoclusters and mapping their spatial structures are therefore crucial for understanding how large-scale environme...