North Carolina State University

Neighborhood effects on Black adolescents’ obesity risk: The mediating role of family experiences

We examined longitudinal associations between neighborhood environments (walkability, area deprivation, and traffic volume) and obesity risk, tested sex differences, and evaluated family experiences as mediators. Participants were 1325 Black youth (52% male; M age = 9.5) and care...

Rapid Estimation of Global Sea Surface Temperatures From Sparse Streaming In Situ Observations

Abstract Reconstructing high‐resolution sea surface temperatures (SST) from staggered SST measurements is essential for analyzing earth system processes. However, when SST measurements are sparse, the resulting inferred SST fields are rather inaccurate. Here, we show that Sparse...

Anti-collinear resummation in JIMWLK evolution in the linear regime

A bstract The recently-proposed resummation procedure for anti-collinear logarithms in the JIMWLK kernel [1] is studied in the linear (BFKL) regime in the fixed-coupling approximation. Simple closed form expressions for the resummed momentum space kernel and characteristic functi...

Suite of Regional Seismic Velocity Models for the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains (CPVMv2.0): Incorporating Epistemic Uncertainty in Velocity Models

The U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain (CP) sediments are kilometers‐thick, low‐velocity deposits underlain by high‐velocity bedrock that create regional patterns of amplification and attenuation of ground motions. Capturing these effects is challenging because of the limited s...

Multiscale mechanisms of water-induced hemp fiber reinforcement

Abstract Natural cellulosic fibers such as hemp are increasingly important for sustainable textiles, biocomposites, and eco-friendly structural materials, where mechanical performance is governed largely by how water is managed during processing; understanding water-induced reinf...

Powder-to-near net shape manufacturing: in-situ friction stir forging of soft magnetic composites

Abstract Soft magnetic materials are critical to the performance, energy efficiency, and miniaturization of electric motors. While laminated soft magnetic materials have dominated the industry, the demand for soft magnetic composites (SMCs) is rapidly growing in applications requ...

Reconfigurable Photonic Circuit for On-Chip Optical Routing with Engineered Si-ITO Platform

Abstract Reconfigurable photonic circuits are essential for programmable optical signal processing and high-speed optical interconnects; however, achieving compact and electrically tunable routing elements with low optical loss remains a major challenge in integrated photonics. W...

Using drift coefficients as a basis for inferring times, effective population sizes, and genetic adaptations

Genetic drift and gene flow can give rise to a complex population genetic structure. The inverse problem of estimating the genetic drift and gene flow in the past, based on the present-day genomic population structure, can be solved using an admixture graph. This describes the di...

Efficient quantum implementation of dynamical mean field theory for correlated materials

The accurate theoretical description of materials with strongly correlated electrons is a formidable challenge in condensed matter physics and computational chemistry. Dynamical Mean Field Theory (DMFT) is a successful approach that predicts behaviors of such systems by incorpora...

Therapeutic Reversalof PH-HFpEF via Lung SpheroidCell Exosomes

Abstract Pulmonary hypertension–associated heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (PH-HFpEF) is a prevalent and lethal cardiopulmonary syndrome without effective disease-modifying therapy. We investigated the therapeutic potential of lung spheroid cell–derived exosomes (L...

The Role of Macrophages in the Immune Response to Peritoneal Infection with Dirofilaria immitis Larvae in the Mongolian Gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)

The host cellular mechanisms determining whether Dirofilaria immitis (canine heartworm) larvae establish infection remain poorly understood. The Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus), a naturally nonpermissive host, mounts a rapid macrophage-dominated peritoneal cellular respo...

The effect of organic amendments on cannabidiol yield and topsoil health (0–10 cm) in floral hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) production system

Abstract Background Compost and cover crops enhance soil health and crop productivity in agricultural systems, yet their integration as soil management strategies in floral hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) production remains underexplored. Understanding these effects is critical for op...

Adding Value to Cassava Genetic Resources Conserved at CIAT—Part II: Fifty Years of Evaluation and Use of Landraces for Variety Development

For millennia, farmers in cassava’s homeland in the neotropics selected varieties suited to their climate, soils, biological environments, management systems, and nutritional needs. These actions were fundamental to the crop’s success as a reliable staple energy source. After the...

Safer sex self-efficacy and condom use among adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Inconsistent condom use puts adolescents at risk for HIV/STIs and unintended pregnancy. A recent meta-analysis identified safer sex self-efficacy as one of the strongest correlates of U.S. adolescent condom use ( r avg = .22), but with significant heterogeneity in effect sizes. T...

Size-DependentChemical Speciation in CementitiousQuarry Waste

Abstract Quarry waste, especially adjacent to cementitious rock formations, presents an underutilized mineral resource given that geo-processes generate gradients in composition across vast scales. We inferred, and demonstrate, that mechanical breakdown depends on chemical compos...

Primary Care Clinical Rotations Are Associated with Shifts in Senior Veterinary Students’ Perceptions of Scope, Complexity, and Career Alignment

The study objective was to evaluate changes in senior veterinary students' perceptions of companion animal primary care and career preferences following a primary care clinical rotation. A multi-institutional survey was administered to veterinary students at 10 US colleges of vet...

Building sets, Chow rings, and their Hilbert series

Abstract We establish formulas for the Hilbert series of the Chow ring of a polymatroid using arbitrary building sets. For braid matroids and minimal building sets, our results produce new formulas for the Poincaré polynomial of the moduli space $$\overline{\mathcal {M}}_{0,n+1}$...

The evolution of plasticity in drought-related traits in central and edge populations of Mimulus cardinalis

Phenotypic plasticity can influence population persistence, range dynamics, and evolutionary potential in heterogeneous landscapes. If adaptive, plasticity may buffer populations against environmental variability, climate change, and extreme events. Yet, few studies have examined...

Oxidative stress in pigs and opportunities with selenium-containing amino acids

Modern pig farming practices, characterized by highly-productive and fast-growing genetics, early weaning, and uncontrolled factors such as heat stress and various nutritional challenges, impose cumulative stress on the animal. Elevated concentrations of reactive oxygen species w...

Identification of a key water molecule involved in the macrophage migration inhibitory factor‐catalyzed tautomerization of para ‐hydroxyphenylpyruvate using neutron crystallography

Neutron crystallography was used to determine a 2.5-Å resolution all-atom structure of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) interacting with 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-pyruvate (HPP). MIF is a pro-inflammatory, pro-tumorigenic protein that may be an attractive therapeutic target...