NOAA Oceanic and Atmospheric Research

Exploring the hydrogen abstraction pathway in HOM formation from α -pinene photooxidation systems under varying NO conditions

Abstract. Highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOM) are formed via autoxidation during ⚫OH-initiated oxidation of α-pinene. We investigated the relative contributions of OH-addition and hydrogen (H)-abstraction to HOM formation from α-pinene photooxidation under varying nitrogen...

Method for Calculating a Generic Oil

Accidental oil spills are an all-too-common occurrence. In order to properly plan for and respond to oil spills, responders and planners need to understand how the oil will behave in the environment: how it will weather and how it will affect ecosystems and biota. To address this...

Layer‐Dependent Diurnal Moist Static Energy Biases in the Unified Forecast System During the MJO Preconditioning Stage: A DYNAMO Case Study

Abstract Accurate simulation of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) requires realistic diurnal evolution and vertical distribution of moist static energy (MSE). While prior studies documented MSE bias in simulations, vertically dependent physical processes responsible for these b...

The recent enhancement of the surface melt over the Antarctic Peninsula dictated by thermodynamics

Intense surface melt and subsequent meltwater ponding are the key triggers for the disintegration of ice shelves in the Antarctic Peninsula (AP). Although a long-term decline in AP surface melt has been evident since the early 1990s, episodes of intense surface melt events have f...