National Open University

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Traditional Chinese NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) for assessing perceived workload in Taiwanese adults

Background Perceived workload is central to occupational health, ergonomics, and rehabilitation research, yet no guideline-based Traditional Chinese version of the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) has been available for Taiwan and other Traditional-Chinese-speaking settings. Objec...

From bad to worse: customer mistreatment and service sabotage across encounters

Purpose Customer mistreatment is a significant issue in both practical and academic contexts, especially in the service industry. Drawing on the stressor–emotion model, this study aims to use a sequential two-encounter field design to test the lagged effects of customer mistreatm...

A Social Work Perspective on Preparing for Retirement in Spain: Beyond the Economic Approach

Population aging and labor market transformations pose urgent challenges in Spain that require a critical review of retirement preparation from a social work perspective. This article analyses such preparation through a qualitative policy analysis and narrative literature review...