National Cancer Institute

Associations of food processing and dietary risk factors with colorectal cancer incidence in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study: A cohort study

Background Ultra-processed foods (UPF) account for >50% of energy intake by US adults. UPF intake can include dietary components linked to lower colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, such as whole grain and dairy products, and others linked to higher CRC risk, such as processed meats, po...

Immunohistochemistry vs Molecular Breast Cancer Subtyping Among African Populations

Importance Breast cancer subtyping based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) guides systemic therapy where gene expression profiling assays are unavailable, yet its validity against molecular reference standards remains poorly characterized in African populations, where laboratory infr...

Clinical and genetic risk factors for apolipoprotein L1-mediated chronic kidney disease in people of African ancestry with HIV

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To summarize current understanding of the epidemiology, pathogenesis and management of HIV-Associated Nephropathy (HIVAN) and other forms of Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1)-mediated chronic kidney disease (CKD) in people of African ancestry with HIV. RECENT FINDINGS:...

Feasibility of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Children With High Grade/High Risk Cancer and Their Caregivers: Lessons Learned From a Pilot Randomized Control Trial

Background Children and young adults diagnosed with a high-grade/relapsed-refractory cancer face a poor prognosis given limited curative options. Recent research has indicated that this population of children and adolescents/young adults (AYAs), alongside their parents, experienc...

Dual inhibition of JAK and MEK suppresses T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia induced by mutant IL7R and RASGRP1 overexpression

Gain-of-function mutant IL-7Rα (mutIL7R) occurs in approximately 10% of patients with Tcell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), an aggressive pediatric cancer. Nearly half of patients with T-ALLs also overexpress RAS guanyl nucleotide exchange factor (RASGRP1), an activator of...

Clathrin recruitment and assembly of phosphorylated B cell receptor is impaired in human diffuse large B cell lymphoma

The B cell receptor (BCR) drives the differentiation of naive B cells into activated plasma cells that produce antibodies. The BCR consists of a plasma membrane-bound surface immunoglobulin (sIg) that binds antigens, and two coreceptor subunits CD79A and CD79B. The intracellular...

Biomarker discrepancies following chimeric antigen receptor T cells: implications in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Not available.

Residential proximity to intensive animal agriculture associates with increased prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in homes

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), a global public health threat, affects rural communities disproportionately due to their unique regional exposures, including proximity to animal feeding operations (AFOs), a source of AMR genes. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated residential prox...

Metrology, Standards, and Mission: Synopsis of the 2026 Annual Meeting of the Council on Ionizing Radiation Measurements and Standards (CIRMS)

The Council on Ionizing Radiation Measurements and Standards (CIRMS) is an independent, non-profit council composed of experts from academia, government, and industry across all areas of ionizing radiation science and technology, providing leadership, focus, and coordinated actio...

Parents of Youth With Cancer Report on Their Psychosocial Care: iSTEPPP Survey Finds Alignment and Gaps With Standards

ABSTRACT Background The Standards for Psychosocial Care for Children with Cancer and Their Families guide the provision of comprehensive psychosocial care. Parallel to research characterizing implementation of the Standards from the perspective of providers, this study examines i...

Δ133p53α, a senescence-inhibitory p53 isoform, attenuates accelerated aging in progeria mice

Abstract Research on progeria not only contributes to the development of treatments for the disease but also enhances our understanding of physiological aging. In a mouse model of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), transgenic expression of Δ133p53α, a senescence-inhibit...

Court-Documented Adverse Financial Events Before Cancer Diagnosis and Mortality Risk

This cohort study investigates the association between prediagnostic adverse financial events among individuals newly diagnosed with cancer and mortality risk.

Physical Activity and Risk of Liver Cancer: A Competing Risk Analysis

Physical activity is associated with lower risk of liver cancer, but obtaining an unbiased estimate of the causal effect is challenging due to the competing risk of death due to any other cause. We performed a causal competing risk analysis to estimate the total effect of physica...

HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy Influence Tumor Microenvironment Architecture, Subclonal Evolution, and Immune Evasion Strategies in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and tumor heterogeneity shape prognosis and therapeutic response in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), but HIV-associated (HIV+) DLBCL remains poorly understood. To characterize the TIME and tumor-intrinsic features of DLBCL across a s...

A randomized phase 2 placebo-controlled trial of clobetasol solution for oral chronic graft-versus-host disease therapy

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) affects multiple organ systems and frequently the mouth. There is an unmet need for more effective topical therapy to adequately control cGVHD in the oral cavity. Clobetasol is a super-potent synthetic glucocorticoid formulated here as an...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances levels other than PFOS, PFOA, or PFHxS and liver cancer risk: a nested case-control analysis

Abstract Epidemiologic studies of PFAS and liver cancer risk have produced conflicting results with no strong or clear associations for pre-diagnostic perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS). We now report analyses of nine...

Productivity rate metrics for awards and investigators funded by the US National Cancer Institute

Abstract The proposed scholarly and societal metrics reflect the output efficiency of extramural research funded by the US National Cancer Institute. The productivity of awards or investigators (AoIs) expressed as output COst INdexes (COINs) were calculated based on AoI-linked qu...

Patient-Derived Transcriptomics Reveals Distinct Associated IFNγ-Myeloid States and Mitochondrial Complex I Programs in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis

Background/Objectives: Macrophages are key contributors to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA), but their disease-associated immunometabolic states remain incompletely understood. Methods: Here, we comparatively analyzed patient-derived transcrip...

High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features: a clinical and genomic analysis of prognostic factors using a large cohort

BACKGROUND: High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) is a recently defined tumor type that is not well-understood. Prognostic factors of clinical outcomes are not well-established. METHODS: Methylation profiling was performed on tumor samples, many at the National Cance...

Tobacco Industry corporate social responsibility activities in Poland in the years 2019-2024

INTRODUCTION: The tobacco industry frequently uses corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities to build relationships with stakeholders and maintain its legitimacy despite the health harms caused by its products. In Poland, where direct tobacco advertising is prohibited, CSR...