Murdoch Children's Research Institute

Multidomain Post-Concussive Symptom Trajectories and Biopsychosocial Correlates Following Pediatric Concussion

IMPORTANCE: Understanding how post-concussive symptoms (PCS) evolve across multiple domains and how these patterns relate to biopsychosocial factors is critical for identifying children at risk of prolonged recovery following concussion. OBJECTIVE: To identify clinically meaningf...

Paediatric haematopoietic stem cell transplantation research priorities: Results from an international multi‐stakeholder priority setting partnership

Summary Co‐designed research in paediatric HSCT is limited. We sought to determine research priorities which represent the shared priorities of patients, parents, carers and healthcare professionals (HCP) within Australia, New Zealand, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. An i...

Understanding rotavirus vaccine acceptance in Indonesia: a WHO BeSD-based exploration of parents' and religious leaders' perspectives in three provinces

Background Disparities in rotavirus vaccine uptake in Indonesia persist despite its national implementation, yet, the community-level determinants of vaccination remain underexplored. Understanding the behavioural and social factors influencing vaccination decisions is essential...

Heterochronicity shapes brain network formation

Brain network formation unfolds on a nonuniform developmental timetable, with different cortical regions generating connections at different developmental phases. Generative network models (GNMs) aim to uncover the principles underpinning the organization of connectomes by creati...

A staged clinical development and evidence-generation framework for Group A Streptococcus vaccines

Group A Streptococcus (Strep A) causes substantial global morbidity and mortality, yet vaccine development faces scientific, regulatory, and strategic challenges. We propose a platform-agnostic, staged clinical development and evidence-generation framework aligning trial feasibil...

Implementing reproductive carrier screening to include diverse Asian populations: insights from Singapore

Abstract Background As part of Singapore’s effort towards precision medicine tailored to Asian diversity, we describe the implementation of a nationwide reproductive carrier screening program. Using a customised 112-gene panel, targeting population-specific recessive genetic dise...

Physical Activity and Risk of Liver Cancer: A Competing Risk Analysis

Physical activity is associated with lower risk of liver cancer, but obtaining an unbiased estimate of the causal effect is challenging due to the competing risk of death due to any other cause. We performed a causal competing risk analysis to estimate the total effect of physica...

Corticosteroid use in children with community acquired sepsis: a multicentre prospective cohort study

Objectives Corticosteroids in paediatric sepsis have the potential to improve outcomes, yet there is little supporting evidence regarding efficacy, choice of agents, dose or timing of administration. We describe the patterns of corticosteroid use in children hospitalised with sus...

Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Machine Learning Uncovers Distinct Progression Patterns in Friedreich Ataxia

Abstract Background Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder with heterogenous clinical progression, complicating prognosis and trial design. Neuroimaging offers objective biomarkers of disease progression, yet variability in progression patterns remains poor...

Initial Review of Government‐Funded Reproductive Carrier Screening for Cystic Fibrosis, Spinal Muscular Atrophy and Fragile X Syndrome

Summary What's already known about this topic? What does this study add?

Dietary exposures and risk of anxiety and depression symptoms in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936: a cohort-level GLAD Project analysis

Background Mental disorders such as anxiety and depression are leading contributors to disability worldwide, with growing concern in older adults—particularly in Scotland—where poor diet and mental health challenges are common. While the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study has i...

Antibiotic resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus in pediatric cases from rural Gambia

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant public health concern worldwide. Despite its impact, surveillance systems for detecting AMR in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) are often suboptimal. Using data from a population-based surveillance study of children aged < 5...

Genome-wide analysis of social behaviour across social domains, reporters and developmental stages: a meta-regression approach

Abstract Social behaviour is a heritable trait linked to well-being and mental health, yet it varies across social context, including social domains, informants and development, which may shape its underlying genomic architecture. Here, we conducted a genome-wide meta-regression...

Interrogating the Escherichia coli Epitranscriptome Via CRISPR Interference and Nanopore Native RNA Sequencing

Epitranscriptomics has recently gained significant momentum due to technological advances and translational applications; however, studies on bacterial RNA modifications remain limited. Bacterial RNA is notoriously prone to degradation, and methodologies to investigate the epitra...

Diet Quality and Weight Gain Among Women in the Aboriginal Family Birthing Program in South Australia

Background: This study assessed diet quality and the association between engagement with nutrition support bundles and weight gain among pregnant women having Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander babies who participated in the Aboriginal Family and Baby Bundles implementation pr...

Implementing Sequential Analysis for Vaccine Safety Surveillance in Victoria, Australia

This preprint presents an end-to-end implementation framework for MaxSPRT-style sequential analysis in vaccine safety surveillance, using the Surveillance of Adverse Events Following Vaccination in the Community (SAEFVIC) system in Victoria, Australia, as the operational setting....

Neuroradiologic Findings in Patients With S CN2A Disease

SCN2A disease spans a broad clinical spectrum from self-limited (familial) neonatal-infantile epilepsy to severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathies. Systematic characterization of the spectrum of neuroradiologic abnormalities in SCN2A disease has not been performed. Thi...

Adenovirus infection after cellular therapy: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges

Purpose of review To review recent advances in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of human adenovirus (HAdV) infection following haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and other cellular therapies, with emphasis on risk stratification, molecular surveillance, and emer...

The Ethics of Growth-Promoting Pharmaceuticals for Achondroplasia

In 2021, vosoritide became the first pharmaceutical approved to treat the pathophysiology of achondroplastic dwarfism. It has generated significant ethical debate. Proponents emphasize its potential to improve quality of life and functional independence, whereas critics raise con...

Oxygen vs Air at Birth for Moderate- to Late-Preterm Infants

Importance The optimal initial fraction of inspired oxygen (F io 2 ) for delivery room resuscitation of neonates born at 32 to 35 weeks’ gestation is unknown. Objective To compare outcomes for neonates born at 32 to 35 weeks’ gestation when initiating resuscitation with F io 2 0....