Meteorological Research Institute

Characteristics of quasi‐stationary band‐shaped precipitation systems in Japan between 1989 and 2022

Abstract Quasi‐stationary band‐shaped precipitation systems (QBPSs) are the major cause of localized heavy‐rainfall events (HREs) in Japan. Using hourly radar/raingauge‐analysed precipitation amounts from 1989 to 2022, we statistically examined the occurrence characteristics of Q...

Stable isotopes reveal the origin and vulnerability of bottled and sachet drinking waters sold in Cameroon

Urbanisation and unreliable drinking water supply have increased reliance on packaged waters in Cameroon. However, their hydrogeological origin is poorly verified. This study investigated the spatio-temporal variation, origin, recharge and vulnerability of 35 brands (114 samples)...

Extratropical teleconnections in a multi-model ensemble nudged towards the observed QBO

The Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO), the dominant mode of interannual variability of monthly-mean zonal winds and temperatures in the equatorial stratosphere, has a significant influence on the circulation in other regions of the stratosphere and troposphere in boreal winter. To...

Environments of quasi-stationary linear precipitation system associated with Baiu frontal depressions

Abstract Heavy rainfall in Japan is often caused by quasi-stationary linear precipitation systems (QSLPSs), which frequently occur in association with Baiu frontal depressions (BFDs). While the importance of the roles of BFDs in QSLPS occurrence has been suggested by previous cas...

Assessing the Impact of Sea Surface Temperature Biases in CMIP6 Coupled Models on the North Pacific Westerly Jet

Abstract This study investigates the impact of sea surface temperature (SST) biases on the latitude of the climatological North Pacific westerly jet using multi‐model analyses and atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) sensitivity experiments. A comparison of atmospheric‐on...

Radiocarbon in atmospheric CH 4 and CO 2 at Jungfraujoch in 2019–2024: influence of regional nuclear emissions and current global atmospheric 14 CH 4 signal

Abstract. Radiocarbon (14C) is a valuable tracer to determine the relative fossil fractions of emitted carbonaceous greenhouse gases, such as CO2 and CH4. While atmospheric ∆14CO2 measurements have been conducted at multiple sites for several decades, ∆14CH4 measurements remain m...

Characteristics of Quasi-stationary Band-shaped Precipitation in the Tohoku Region Detected under Varying Rainfall Thresholds

Abstract Quasi-stationary band-shaped precipitation systems sometimes cause severe rainfall disasters in the Tohoku region of northeastern Japan, but the uniform rainfall thresholds used in existing objective detection methods may be too high for this region. This study examines...

Impact-based forecasting in Japan: a review of the Japan meteorological agency’s real-time risk map “Kikikuru”

Abstract Impact‑Based Forecasting (IBF) has attracted international attention as an approach to enhance disaster risk management by linking weather forecast information to concrete societal actions. This review examines the implementation of IBF in Japan, focusing on the Real‑tim...

Impact of a Stratocumulus Scheme on Clouds and Feedbacks in MIROC7

Abstract Marine stratocumulus (Sc) clouds exert a strong cooling effect on climate by reflecting solar radiation, yet many climate models underestimate their amount and cause uncertainty in equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS). Herein, we show that incorporating a physically bas...