Medical University of Graz

Newborns of mothers living with HIV on antiretroviral treatment at late pregnancy are more likely to present low birth weight

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the effects of ART on the cardiometabolic health of HIV-infected women during late pregnancy and its relationship with adverse outcomes in exposed newborns. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among pregnant women living with HI...

Acute Limb Ischemia During Pregnancy: A Case Report and Narrative Review of the Literature

Background: Pregnancy is a well-recognized hypercoagulable state that increases the risk of thrombotic complications, most commonly venous thromboembolism. In contrast, arterial thrombosis, including acute limb ischemia (ALI), is exceedingly rare but potentially catastrophic, and...

Entrustable professional activities for medical students and graduates of Austrian medical universities

Summary Background Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) translate competency-based medical education into observable clinical work and can clarify expectations at the undergraduate-postgraduate transition. In Austria, undergraduate EPA implementation has been heterogeneous,...

Jasenovac, Not Srebrenica: Victimhood and the Eclipse of one Genocide with Another

Abstract This article outlines the ways in which the genocide against the Serbs, Jews and Roma in Jasenovac during WWII is increasingly being used in Serbian and Bosnian Serb political and academic discourse to eclipse the genocide executed by the Bosnian Serb Army in Srebrenica...

Cytomegalovirus Latency Fuels Inflammation Following Myocardial Infarction

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies have consistently associated cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, the mechanisms by which cytomegalovirus infection impacts pathophysiology in the heart remain poorly understood. In this study, we...

Reliability and Validity of the Bimanual Observation of The Hands (BOTH) for Assessing Bimanual Coordination in Individuals Post-Stroke With Fair-to-Good Motor Ability

ImportanceThe Bimanual Observation of The Hands (BOTH) is a new observation to assess bimanual coordination post-stroke, which has potential to provide clinicians with a simple and functional tool.ObjectiveTo examine the reliability and validity of the BOTH in individuals post-st...

Bottom-Up Realization of a Type-II Organic/Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides Heterointerface: Pentacene on Monolayer WS2

Abstract Stacked van der Waals heterostructures based on transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exhibit a rich variety of exotic interfacial phenomena. Substituting one component with an organic semiconductor (OSC) enables the design of hybrid heterostructures with tunable funct...

GH172 Difructose Dianhydride I Synthase: A Two‐Stepped Journey via Glycosylation and Cyclization Using QM/MM Metadynamics

ABSTRACT The difructose dianhydride I synthase/hydrolase catalyzes the reversible transformation of inulobiose into difructose dianhydride I, a component of caramel. The proposed reaction mechanism of such a transformation consists of a glycosylation step followed by a cyclizatio...

Recognition and reporting of vertebral fractures in thoracic and abdominal computed tomography images — have we learnt our lesson?

The reporting rate of vertebral fractures (VFs) identified on routine thoracic and abdominal CT scans was evaluated. Only 14.7% of VFs were documented in the impression section of the radiology report. These findings indicate that the recognition and reporting of VFs on routine C...

High-grade serous ovarian cancer is associated with increased TP53 mutation burden in uterine lavage

High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) has low survival partly due to the lack of methods for detection, diagnosis, and risk prediction. TP53 mutations, which drive HGSC, are found in gynecological tissues as the result of somatic evolution, but it is unknown whether an excess o...

Deep molecular profiling of lung neuroendocrine tumours and supra-carcinoids

BACKGROUND: Lung neuroendocrine tumours (NETs, also known as carcinoids) are rapidly rising in incidence worldwide but have unknown aetiology and limited therapeutic options beyond surgery. The current WHO classification, based on mitotic count and presence or absence of necrosis...

Probabilistic calibration of a closed-loop cardiac electromechanical model with application to cardiac resynchronization therapy

Abstract Cardiac conduction disorders such as left bundle branch block induce ventricular dyssynchrony and increase the risk of heart failure. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves cardiac function in approximately 70% of patients; however, identifying the optimal paci...

Enzyme-Detergent and Detergent-Detergent Protocols for Human Urethra Decellularization: A Histological and Ultrastructural Study

Abstract Background and Objectives Decellularization of the human urethra produces extracellular matrix (ECM) bioscaffolds with strong potential for reconstructive urology, yet no standardized protocols exist for either cell removal or scaffold characterization. Histological asse...

Beyond benchmarking: an expert-guided consensus approach to spatially aware clustering

Spatial omics technologies have revolutionized the study of tissue architecture and cellular heterogeneity by integrating molecular profiles with spatial localization. In spatially resolved transcriptomics, delineating higher-order anatomical structures is critical for understand...

Reference-free microsatellite instability detection from tumor sequencing using intrasample variability modeling

ABSTRACT Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a key predictive biomarker across multiple tumor types, but current next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based callers oftendependon matched normals, large reference panels, or pretrained machine-learning models, which limits portability a...

Maribavir in lung transplant recipients with cytomegalovirus infection: real-life experience

Abstract Introduction Cytomegalovirus remains a major challenge in LTx recipients. Despite advances in antiviral therapy, refractory and resistant CMV infections persist, and real-world data on maribavir, a recently approved UL97 kinase inhibitor, are limited. Methods We retrospe...

Reorganization of Innate Immune Cell Lipid Profiles by Bioinspired Meroterpenoids to Limit Inflammation

Lipidomics-guided screening of unexplored natural product chemical space provides access to small molecules that globally reprogram cellular lipid profiles. Here, we show that the meroterpenoid cyclosmenospongine from Spongia sp. reshapes immune cell lipidomes, shifting them from...

A multicohort, biomarker-driven phase 2 trial of personalized total neoadjuvant therapy with targeted agents for high-risk rectal cancer (The TRAINER study)

This multicohort, single-center, phase II trial explored the efficacy and safety of a biomarker-driven total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) regimen in high-risk locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients. The regimen included induction chemotherapy (4 cycles of mFOLFOX6) with targ...

Maternal BMI modulates cord plasma NT-proBNP in gestational diabetes linking cardiac stress to insulin-cortisol crosstalk

Abstract Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an increasingly prevalent pregnancy disorder associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, including an increased risk of early-onset cardiovascular disease in infants. GDM is associated with cardiac structural and functio...

Subgroup variations in effectiveness of femoropopliteal sirolimus versus paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty: post hoc results of the randomised SIRONA trial

INTRODUCTION: The randomised SIRONA trial showed that sirolimus-coated balloon (SCB) angioplasty was non-inferior to paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty (PCB) regarding femoropopliteal primary patency. There was no difference in clinically driven target lesion revascularisation...