Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

A New Scale of Function Spaces Characterizing Homogeneous Besov Spaces

Abstract We introduce and study a new scale of function spaces that characterize the homogeneous Besov spaces $$\dot{\text {B}}^{\beta }_{p,q}$$ B ˙ p , q β , hence completing earlier work by Ullrich. These new spaces include the ones introduced by Barton and Mayboroda, and syste...

Impact of South American biomass burning emissions on elevated South Atlantic upper tropospheric ozone

Abstract. During the SOUTHTRAC mission in autumn 2019 elevated mixing ratios of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide CO2, nitrogen oxide (NO) and total reactive nitrogen NOy were observed during a flight at the beginning of October. The potential plume extended over more than 100...

Strategic design of methane observation networks to improve emission estimates: A case study in Africa

Abstract. Ground-based and satellite atmospheric observations are essential for reducing uncertainties in methane (CH4) emissions by atmospheric inversion, particularly in data-sparse regions such as Africa. However, adding new observation sites does not yield linear improvements...

Pair distribution analysis of short- and medium-range order of metallic glasses: Direct imaging and diffraction-based approaches

Abstract Pair distribution function (PDF) analysis provides a quantitative framework for resolving short- and medium-range order in glasses. This article summarizes recent advances that extend PDF methods from bulk x-ray and neutron-diffraction methods to local electron microscop...

Europium Doped Atomically Precise Bismuth Oxido Nanoclusters as Molecular Building Blocks for Photoluminescent Hybrid Materials

ABSTRACT Structural and optical characterization of Eu 3+ doped atomically precise bismuth oxido nanoclusters (BiO‐NCs) of about 2 nm in size is reported. The BiO‐NC [Bi 38 O 45 (NO 3 ) 24 (dmso) 28 ]:Eu ( C‐1 D :Eu ) is transformed into soluble methacrylate ( − OMc) coordinated...

Compositional Neural-Cyber-Physical System Verification in the Interactive Theorem Prover of Your Choice

Formal verification of neuro-symbolic cyber-physical systems, such as drones, medical devices and robots, is complicated. Neural components must be trained to be optimal with respect to the available data as well as the safety specifications, and then verified using specialised s...

Building a Stack for Systems Deployment

We are introducing few lines of methodology to start building Models & Systems for Deployment. We start first with Asana Platform and the Automated Fact-Checker [here]. More Collaboration Invitation will be sent to participate in the project.

Surface‐Fluorinated Conductive Carbon for Coupled Electron/Ion Transport Through the Graphite Anode

ABSTRACT Graphite (Gr) is the dominant anode material for commercial lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, its fast‐charging capability is often constrained by sluggish Li + transport and large interfacial polarization under high current densities. Conventional conductive carbon...

Catalyst-FreeThiol–yne Nucleophilic PhotoclickChemistry

Abstract X-yne nucleophilic addition reactions are essential and powerful tools in a range of synthetic routes for realizing functional and stimuli-responsive materials. Unfortunately, the lack of spatiotemporal control and the requirement for catalyst addition in these reactions...

Parameter-light algorithms for improving hypermodularity-based community detection

Abstract Community detection is a central problem in network science, traditionally performed on graphs, often via modularity maximization. Yet, many real-world systems inherently involve higher-order interactions between more than two entities, naturally modeled as hypergraphs....

Building a Physics-Aware AI Ecosystem for Solid-State Hydrogen Storage Materials

Abstract Hydrogen storage remains a central bottleneck for scalable hydrogen energy systems due to the multiscale and coupled nature of the thermodynamics, kinetics, and microstructural evolution of hydrogen storage materials (HSMs). Although artificial intelligence (AI) has acce...

Development of a multi-species luciferase-based double-antigen ELISA for the detection of antibodies against influenza A virus H5 clade 2.3.4.4b

ABSTRACT The highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of subtype H5N1 represent a major threat to animal and public health. The current panzootic with H5 clade 2.3.4.4b has caused numerous, widespread outbreaks in various domestic and wild avian species with high mortalities, ma...

Effects of Lanthanum Doping on Structural Evolution, Morphological Features, and Flux Pinning in FeSe0.5Te0.5 Single Crystals with Machine Learning Assistance

Abstract Single crystals of La x Fe 1− x Se 0.5 Te 0.5 ( x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08) were grown using the self-flux method. A systematic investigation of the effects of La addition revealed changes in the lattice parameters, with the lattice parameter a decreasing and the latt...

Decoupling Ion–Dipole Interactions via Competitive Coordination for Durable Dendrite-Free Zinc Metal Batteries

Abstract The aqueous zinc metal batteries (AZMBs) are famous for high-safety and high-energy-density, but limited by severe challenges around the Helmholtz plane layer such as the strong ion–dipole interactions between Zn 2+ and H 2 O, resulting in slow desolvation processes and...

Building a Stack for Systems Deployment

We are introducing few lines of methodology to start building Models & Systems for Deployment. We start first with Asana Platform and the Automated Fact-Checker [here]. More Collaboration Invitation will be sent to participate in the project.

Agrivoltaics could increase global land use efficiency compared to bioenergy

Climate change mitigation scenarios often include a substantial bioenergy component, raising concerns about the land use impacts of large-scale energy crop production. However, agrivoltaic systems have the potential to generate electricity with a higher land use efficiency than b...

Simulation of Particle Structure Rearrangement and Reaction in Wall-Flow Filters at High Flow Velocities with Lattice Boltzmann Methods

Wall-flow filters are used in exhaust gas after treatment systems to reduce particulate matter emissions from internal combustion engines. The particles accumulate on the filter surface during operation, forming a layer that progressively increases the flow resistance and thus th...

Rare-EarthMetal Triflates Inclusion Complexes withCobalt(II) Hemicryptophane Tren Cage

Abstract Rare-earth metal triflates can modulate the structure, redox properties, and reactivity of transition-metal complexes when confined in supramolecular hosts. In this paper, we have investigated the inclusion of rare-earth metal triflates (Ln(OTf)3, Ln = Dy, Yb, La, Lu) in...

Optimized and Aligned Anisotropic Monte Carlo Sampling Patterns

Abstract Path tracing uses Monte Carlo integration to solve the rendering equation by evaluating the integrand at random sampling points. The convergence rate of the error can be significantly improved by using correlated instead of random sampling, especially on smooth integrand...