Jimma University

Exit, voice, and adaptive livelihood diversification: Reframing coffee abandonment as transformative climate adaptation in East Africa

Climate change adaptation discourse has a habit of casting smallholder farmers as passive recipients of interventions designed to keep them producing for global market demand. This framing obscures both farmer agency and the power relations embedded in sustainability governance....

Epileptic seizure onset early warning using a lightweight multimodal self-explainable neural network

BackgroundCutting-edge deep learning algorithms are applied to epileptic seizures to uncover hidden patterns and achieve high accuracy. Post hoc algorithms explain black-box models but do not reveal the detailed workings of the algorithms. Therefore, intrinsic methods overcome th...

Status and Challenges of Multisectoral Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Surveillance in Ethiopia: Leveraging TADAS.net as a Digital Tool

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major One Health challenge requiring coordinated surveillance across human, animal, and environmental sectors. Ethiopia’s Antimicrobial Resistance Prevention and Containment Strategic Plan (2021–2025) recognized this need and prioritiz...

Disturbance resilient fuzzy variable gain super twisting sliding mode control for underactuated Furuta pendulum systems

The Furuta pendulum, also known as a rotary inverted pendulum, is a representative underactuated nonlinear system widely used for evaluating advanced control strategies. Its inherent instability, nonlinear dynamic coupling, and limited actuation make accurate stabilization partic...

Load-dependent fault signature evolution in three-level NPC inverter-fed induction motor drives via physics-based characterisation

Abstract Reliable detection of faults in inverter-fed induction motor drives depends on a precise understanding of how diagnostic signatures evolve across the full operating range. Most published fault characterisation studies, however, are conducted at a single operating point a...

Exploring Caregivers Lived Experiences in Accessing Comprehensive Cleft Care at Jimma University Medical Center: A Phenomenological Study in Southwest Ethiopia

Background: Orofacial clefts are one of the most common congenital anomalies worldwide. Comprehensive cleft care interventions aim to address the complex surgical, nutritional, dental, speech, audiology, and psychosocial needs of patients with clefts. While studies from other cou...

Machine learning and multi-model mechanistic analysis of CuTaS3/AgTaS3 heterostructures for photocatalytic and electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Machine learning and mechanistic kinetic-thermodynamic analyses were applied to CuTaS 3 /AgTaS 3 heterostructures for renewable energy applications involving photocatalytic and electrocatalytic H 2 evolution, using existing experimental data without new experimentation. Gaussian...

Incidence of caregiver-reported diarrhea and associated risk factors among under-five children in Hosanna Town, central Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study

Diarrhea remains a leading cause of illnesses and death among children under five in developing countries, including Ethiopia. However, longitudinal studies on the incidence and risk factors of childhood diarrhea are limited, particularly in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed...

Reference values and prediction equations for six-minute walk distance and stair-climbing test performance in apparently healthy Ethiopian adults

The six-minute walk test (6MWT) and stair-climbing test (SCT) are simple and practical measures of functional exercise capacity. Interpretation of performance requires appropriate population-specific reference values and prediction equations. However, reference data for apparentl...

Socio-economic contributions of the Ethiopian Green Legacy Initiative as a pathway to sustainable development: Systematic Review

Ethiopia faces interconnected challenges of land degradation, climate change, and rural poverty. In response, the government launched the Green Legacy Initiative (GLI) in 2019, a nationwide afforestation and reforestation program aimed at planting billions of seedlings annually....

Utilization of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists within guideline-directed medical therapy for patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction at Wallaga University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: a hospital-based retrospective study

Despite the advancements of therapy and prevention, heart failure continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Appropriate use of Guideline Directed Medical Therapy has been proved to improve the clinical outcome of patients with heart failure with reduced...

Combined application of blended NPSB fertilizer and cattle manure improves yield and economic returns of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) at Bako, West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia

Sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) is an economically important food security crop in Ethiopia, but its productivity remains low due to poor soil fertility and lack of site-specific fertilizer recommendations. This study evaluated the combined effect of blended NPSB fertili...

Uptake of postpartum diabetes screening after gestational diabetes: a five-year institution-based retrospective study in Ethiopia

Women with a history of gestational diabetes are at a high risk of progression to type 2 diabetes, which makes postpartum diabetes screening a crucial preventive measure. Evidence on postpartum diabetes screening uptake is limited in Ethiopia. We assessed postpartum screening pra...

Medical equipment management challenges in Ethiopian teaching hospitals: a cross-sectional study of systemic and operational gaps in health technology

Frequent medical equipment failures and poor management practices including delayed maintenance, spare-part shortages, inadequate training, and inefficient procurement are associated with equipment downtime, delayed care, and reduced service availability in Ethiopia. This study d...

Performance enhancements of a PCM-integrated triple-pass indirect solar dryer with staggered drying chamber: A CFD investigation

Conventional indirect solar dryers suffer from low thermal efficiency and unreliable operation because of poor heat transfer and the intermittent nature of solar energy. The present work numerically investigates a novel triple-pass indirect solar dryer, a fin-enhanced phase chang...

Comprehensive review of substrate selection process conditions risk and industrial feasibility for sustainable lactic acid production

One important framework chemical is lactic acid (2-hydroxypropionic acid) for food, medicine, and bioplastics. To meet the increasing demand for lactic acid, its procedures must be optimized for higher yields, improved efficiency, and sustainable development. Traditional fermenta...

Molecular evidence of pfhrp2/pfhrp3 exon 2 deletions and potential HRP2-based RDT diagnostic failure in southern Ethiopia

Deletions of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 in Plasmodium falciparum compromise the diagnostic performance of HRP2-based rapid diagnostic tests. These deletions can cause false-negative HRP2-based RDT results, leading to missed treatment and ongoing transmission. This study determined the pre...

Adoption of complementary green production technologies among Ethiopian smallholder farmers

Abstract BACKGROUND Green production technologies (GPTs) are essential for improving the ecological sustainability and economic efficiency of agriculture. However, evidence on the joint adoption, intensity of use, and knowledge of multiple GPTs remains limited in Ethiopia. This s...

Innovative behavior in Ethiopian public research universities: A cross-institutional study of academic and administrative perspectives

The present study investigates the practice of employee innovative behavior within and across Ethiopian public research HEIs by examining the perspectives of both academic and administrative staff. This inclusive approach marks a key novelty of the research, as prior studies ofte...

Determinants of tuberculosis treatment outcomes among TB/HIV co-infected patients in Gambella refugee camps, Western Ethiopia: a case–control study

Abstract Background TB and HIV co-infection remains a major global public health problem and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia, one of the 30 high TB/HIV burden countries. Co-infection compromises immune function, thereby increasing the risk of poor treatment...