Islamic Azad University of Tabriz

The Uneven Death of the Ether: Functional Unbundling and the Fate of a Scientific Object

The ether did not disappear from physics in a single experimental or conceptual event. It had carried a bundle of tasks: filling space, securing contact action, supporting waves, defining rest, storing energy and momentum, and giving physical structure to space. This article reco...

Dynamical Architecture and the Physical Organization of Evolution

Interaction specifications acquire determinate evolutionary effects through a system’s lawful response organization. This article distinguishes kinematical structure, response rules, interaction contributions, and selected problem data. Newtonian inertia and free quantum spreadin...

Breastfeeding self-efficacy in mothers and its association with maternal functioning, maternal knowledge, and attitudes toward breastfeeding: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Breastfeeding constitutes a cornerstone intervention, delivering extensive benefits to children, women, and society. Although breastfeeding self-efficacy plays a crucial role in the initiation and continuation of breastfeeding, evidence regarding the factors associated w...

When Is Ontological Suspension Legitimate? Newtonian Restraint and Quantum Understanding

Quantum mechanics is often presented through a forced choice: either a physical theory becomes intelligible only after it specifies what reality is intrinsically, or predictive and operational success is all the understanding physics can legitimately seek. This article rejects th...

A resource-aware framework for energy and bandwidth efficient IoT intrusion detection using lightweight federated learning over SDN

The rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) deployments has widened the network attack surface while increasing the cost of centralised intrusion detection, particularly when raw traffic must be moved to remote servers. We propose HFL-SDN-IDS, a hierarchical, resource-aware fram...

Factors associated with quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

Quality of life (QoL) is an important patient-centered outcome in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Psychosocial and self-management factors, including Perception of illness, illness acceptance, self-care behaviors, and perceived social support, have been associated with QoL, but...

Integrative Genetic and Bioinformatic Analysis of Androgen Pathway Gene Polymorphisms, Testosterone, and PSA Levels in Prostate Cancer

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is genetically a complicated disease with mediation by variations in genes coding for androgen biosynthesis and signaling genes. In the current study, we investigate the associations of key polymorphisms in the androgen pathway with serum testost...

Constitutive Closure and the Cost of Observable Attribution in Quantum Measurement

The spectral measure of a Hamiltonian and the POVM implemented by an apparatus need not coincide. We formulate observable attribution relative to an apparatus class defined by its preparations, controls, ancillary couplings, memory, and readable records. For a nondegenerate qutri...

Limiting Cases as Regime Architecture in Physics

Limiting cases are commonly treated either as mathematical operations on equations or as formal relations between successive theories. Neither treatment explains what makes a limit physically significant, how several operations cooperate in actual cases, or why limiting relations...

An Intelligent Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework for Cost-Efficient and Energy-Aware Cloud Resource Management

The rapid growth of cloud computing and Internet of Things (IoT) applications has intensified the need for efficient resource allocation, energy management, and cost optimization in large-scale data centers. Traditional optimization and machine learning approaches, while effectiv...

Low-level laser irradiation stimulated tumoricidal impacts and dose-dependent modulation of Wnt signaling in three-dimensional human colorectal cancer microspheres

The high incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been a big challenge in human medicine. Along with several available therapies, specific modalities, e.g., low-level laser irradiation (LLLI), have been introduced to achieve proper regenerative outcomes. Unfortunately, most studi...

Nanotechnology-based full-adder design with three-input majority and XOR gates using quantum-dots technology

Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is an emerging nanocomputing paradigm in which binary information is represented and propagated through cell polarization and Coulombic interactions. QCA technology provides a potential alternative to conventional complementary metal–oxide–semi...

Assessment of Iranian orthodontic specialists’ knowledge and perceptions regarding the efficacy of clear aligner therapy in various orthodontic tooth movements (2024)

Clear aligner therapy (CAT) is increasingly used in orthodontics, but the predictability of specific tooth movements remains variable. This study assessed Iranian orthodontic specialists’ perceptions of the relative efficacy of CAT for common malocclusions and tooth movements. A...

Expression of herpes simplex virus-related genes in peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with behçet’s disease: a case-control study

Abstract Behçet’s disease is a chronic, relapsing multisystem inflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent oral and genital ulcerations, ocular inflammation, cutaneous lesions, and variable involvement of the vascular, neurological, and gastrointestinal systems. Although its...

Investigating predictive value of Q-waves and inverted T-waves in anterior STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI: a prospective cohort study

This study investigated the prognostic role of pathological Q waves and T-wave inversions (TWI) in patients with anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Prospective cohort study of 658 anterior STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI...

A lightweight hybrid encryption scheme for secure IoT communications based on elliptic curve cryptography and a chaotic dynamic substitution box

The rapid growth of interconnected systems, particularly within the Internet of Things (IoT), has significantly increased the volume of data exchanged across networks, making data security a critical challenge in environments with limited computational resources. Consequently, th...

Predictive factors of hospital case-fatality in patients with spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most lethal subtype of stroke, accounting for approximately 20% of all stroke cases, and has a high early mortality rate, largely because effective acute treatments are limited compared with ischemic stroke. Identifying reliable predictors of...

CortexNet: convolutional neural networks for alzheimer’s disease diagnosis using brain MRI

Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most common degenerative brain diseases, and its early detection plays an important role in improving clinical management, increasing treatment effectiveness, and reducing the consequences of disease progression. In this study, a family of convol...