Institute of Infection and Immunity

Willingness to Participate in HIV Cure Research Among Young People Living with Perinatally Acquired HIV in the Centre Region of Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Young people living with perinatally acquired HIV (YPLHIV) represent a unique population for HIV cure research, offering opportunities to assess interventions in a group for whom adherence to antiretroviral treatment (ART) is particularly challenging. Understanding their perspect...

Widespread Loss of Heterozygosity and Endoreduplication in Odontogenic Myxoma

Odontogenic myxoma (OM) is an uncommon, locally aggressive odontogenic neoplasm with characteristic histologic and clinico-radiographic features but with potential for histologic overlap with other odontogenic and non-odontogenic entities and a non-specific immunoprofile. Widespr...

Spatiotemporal dynamics and cross-regional transmission network of HIV-1 CRF67_01B in six provinces in China

Cross-regional transmission of emerging recombinant strains poses a major challenge to HIV-1 prevention and control. HIV-1 CRF67_01B was first identified in China in 2013 and has since been reported in multiple provinces. This study aimed to elucidate the origin and cross-regiona...

A Manganese-Chlorella Hydrogel for an Integrated “Remove–Remodel–Repair” Strategy in Pancreatic Cancer Therapy

Abstract Pancreatic cancer faces the challenges of tumor progression and postoperative pancreatic fistula during the perioperative period, which severely affect patient prognosis. In this study, an injectable self-healing multifunctional hydrogel (CMCGel) was developed based on d...

Blood flow coordinates collective endothelial cell migration during vascular plexus formation and promotes angiogenic sprout regression via vegfr3/flt4

Nascent vascular networks adapt to the increasing metabolic demands of growing tissues by expanding via angiogenesis. As vascular networks expand, blood vessels remodel, progressively refining vascular connectivity to generate a more haemodynamically efficient network. This is dr...

Effect of human urinary microenvironment and fluid flow on antibiotic and phage therapy efficacy against uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Abstract Urinary tract infection (UTI) remains a major global health burden, with frequent recurrences and rising antimicrobial resistance compromising treatment efficacy. Conventional susceptibility assays often fail to predict clinical outcomes, highlighting the need for more p...

Immune control of HIV viraemia in early paediatric infection is associated with induction of HIV-specific CD8+ T-cell activity following multiple treatment interruptions

BACKGROUND: Virus-specific CD8+ T-cells play an important part in HIV cure/remission in adults, yet their role in paediatric immune control is limited by tolerogenic early-life immunity. Very-early ART initiation, while effective in restricting viral reservoir size, also prevents...

Severity of Reactions in Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Food Challenges: New Insights From the EuroPrevall Outpatient Clinic Study

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Oral food challenge, particularly double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC), is the gold standard for diagnosis of food allergy, although safety concerns limit its widespread use. Objectives: To evaluate the severity of reactions during DB...

High-Risk Clones of Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in India: Genome and Traits

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a notorious opportunistic pathogen constituting a major cause of health care-associated infections worldwide. Intrinsic resistance to multiple antibiotics, with acquired resistance mechanisms and hypervirulence make it a critical target for genomic inves...

European S2k guidelines for hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa Part 1. Epidemiology, diagnosis and clinical assessment

BACKGROUND: This first part of the S2k guidelines is an update of the 2015 S1 European guidelines based on the structured assessment of clinically relevant topics by the panel of experts. It is complemented by Part 2, which deals with treatments. OBJECTIVES: These guidelines aim...

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of antifungal resistance and stewardship among pharmacy students in Zambia: a cross-sectional study to inform antifungal stewardship programs

Background Antifungal resistance (AFR) is a growing global health threat, particularly in low- and middle-income countries such as Zambia, where antifungals are often accessed without prescription. Antifungal stewardship (AFS) programs aim to optimise antifungal use, yet limited...

Mucin promotes Psl production and surface exploration in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

ABSTRACT In chronic, recalcitrant infections, Pseudomonas aeruginosa forms biofilm aggregates that are encapsulated in a protective extracellular matrix made of exopolysaccharides, extracellular DNA, and matrix proteins. Biofilm formation is a major cause of antibiotic clearance...

Converging pathomechanisms link SARS-CoV-2 infection with major neurodegenerative diseases

Neurological complications are among typical clinical manifestations, both during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection and long-term post-acute COVID-19 sequelae, i.e., Long COVID. A growing body of evidence connects SARS-CoV-2 infection to systemic inflammation, peripheral im...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa mgtC gene is under the control of PhoP and CbrAB regulators, and its expression can be visualized in macrophages

ABSTRACT The MgtC virulence factor is important during the intramacrophage stage in both classical intracellular pathogens, such as Salmonella Typhimurium, and in extracellular bacteria that transiently encounter intracellular environments during infection, such as Pseudomonas ae...

Innate immune recognition of Debaryomyces hansenii requires Dectin-1-Card9 signaling

ABSTRACT Innate immune signaling plays a key role in host response to infection, yet the pattern recognition receptors that detect non-model gut-associated yeasts remain poorly defined. Here, we investigated macrophage sensing of Debaryomyces hansenii , a food-derived yeast that...