Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies du numérique

Multiscale Methods for Wave Propagation in Materials with Sign-Changing Coefficients

Abstract. From a mathematical perspective, the extraordinary properties of metamaterials are often reflected in the coefficients of the governing partial differential equations. These coefficients may fall outside the assumptions of classical theory, particularly when the effecti...

Topology-preserving mesh adaptation for sharp-interface multiphase PFEM

This paper presents a robust, fully Lagrangian framework based on the Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) capable of simulating multiphase flows with an arbitrary number of immiscible phases. Interface-capturing methods can suffer from numerical diffusion, while interface-track...

Challenges in reconstructing seasonally driven landslide motion from optical satellite data: insights from the Del Medio catchment, NW Argentina

Optical satellite images are a valuable resource for studying slow-moving landslides from space. However, monitoring displacement through pairwise image correlation and time-series inversion presents several challenges, including the impact of seasonality on measurement accuracy....

What Does It Mean for a Star-Shaped 3D Scatterer to Be Small in the Time Domain?

Abstract. In the frequency domain wave scattering problems, obstacles can be effectively replaced by point scatterers as soon as the wavelength of the incident wave exceeds significantly their diameter. The situation is less clear in the time domain, where recent works suggest th...

Execution-Time Opacity in (Controllable) Timed Automata is Hard

International audience

Antichains for Concurrent Parameterized Games

Concurrent parameterized games involve a fixed yet arbitrary number of players. They are described by finite arenas in which the edges are labeled with languages that describe the possible move combinations leading from one vertex to another (n players yield a word of length n)....

Faithful Universal Graphs for Minor-Closed Classes

Abstract. It was proved by Huynh et al. [ Universality in Minor-Closed Graph Classes, preprint, arXiv:2109.00327, 2021] that any countable graph containing every countable planar graph as a subgraph has an infinite clique minor. We prove a finite, quantitative version of this res...

Non-Deterministic Abstract Machines

We present a generic design of abstract machines for non-deterministic programming languages such as process calculi or the lambda calculus with full non-deterministic \(\beta\) -reduction. Such a machine traverses a term in the search for a redex, making non-deterministic choice...

Unsupervised deep generative models for anomaly detection in neuroimaging: A systematic scoping review

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) based on deep generative modelling has been increasingly investigated for identifying pathological brain abnormalities without requiring voxel-level annotations. By learning the distribution of healthy anatomy and generating pseudo-healthy rec...

Fault-tolerance Strategies for Linear Chains of Moldable Tasks

This work considers fault-tolerant strategies to protect linear chains of moldable tasks from fail-stop errors, or from silent errors, or from both. To the best of our knowledge, the study of linear chains of moldable tasks on error-prone platforms has never been tackled, despite...

Scalable ground-state certification of quantum spin systems via structured noncommutative polynomial optimization

A fundamental challenge in quantum physics is determining the ground-state properties of many-body systems. Whereas standard variational approaches posit a wave-function ansatz and minimize over the possible states expressible by that ansatz, the problem can alternatively be form...

Maximum Number of Requests on a Path With a Given Grooming Factor

ABSTRACT We give an optimal solution to the Maximum All Request Path Grooming (MARPG) problem motivated by a traffic grooming application and by its interest in computing lower bounds on the cutwidth of a graph. We are given a directed path on vertices and a positive integer capa...

Rapid Species-Level Classification of Urinary Pathogens from Raw LC-MS/MS Signals Using Machine Learning

Abstract Urinary tract infections are among the most common infections in humans, yet their diagnosis still depends on time-consuming workflows based on microbial culture, followed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Although LC-MS/MS offers the sensitivity and specificity needed to...

Learning-Based Methods and the Future of Numerical Ocean and Sea-Ice Modeling

The field of operational oceanography is undergoing a significant evolution with the increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) methods, which are complementing and, in some cases, redefining traditional numerical modeling approaches. This review explores how AI metho...

Coupling Quantum Mechanical Modeling and Molecular Dynamics on Heterogeneous Supercomputers for Studying Distal Mutation Effects on Drug Binding in HIV-1

Abstract Predicting how protein mutations affect drug binding remains a major challenge, particularly when the mutations are distal from the binding site. In this study, we introduce a coupled simulation workflow that combines classical molecular dynamics (MD) with high-throughpu...

Differentiable latent structure discovery for interpretable forecasting in clinical time series

Abstract Background Timely, uncertainty-aware forecasting from irregular electronic health records (EHR) can support critical-care decisions, yet most approaches either impute to a grid or sacrifice interpretability. We introduce StructGP, a continuous-time multi-task Gaussian pr...

What is the Role of Small Models in the LLM Era: A Survey

Abstract Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various reasoning tasks, which leads to the development of increasingly large models. However, scaling up model sizes results in significantly higher computational costs and energy consumption, whi...

The NPIS model: a consensus-based framework for evaluating non-pharmacological interventions

The term non-pharmacological intervention (NPI) refers to health prevention and care protocols supervised by healthcare professionals. However, no precise and widely adopted definition currently exists. Additionally, unlike drugs, NPIs do not have a global evaluation framework be...

Moving bottlenecks in traffic flows: a well-posed fully coupled nonlocal PDE-ODE model with time delay

We propose a nonlocal PDE-ODE strongly coupled system describing the interaction between traffic flow and a moving bottleneck, induced by e.g. a controlled vehicle. The bulk traffic density evolves according to a nonlocal scalar conservation law with time delay, while the bottlen...

Normal approximation for subgraph counts in age-dependent random connection models

Abstract We study normal approximation of subgraph counts in a model of spatial scale-free random networks known as the age-dependent random connection model . In the light-tailed regime where only moments of order left parenthesis 2 plus epsilon right parenthesis ( 2 + ε ) $(2+\...