Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats

Supramolecular Mask-Mediated Regioselective bis-Bingel-Functionalization of M3N@I h -C80 (M = Lu, Sc)

Abstract Exohedral functionalization of endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs) is essential for exploiting these intriguing molecules as novel materials in applications such as biomedicine and organic solar cell device design. In the case of trimetallic nitride template EMFs (TNT-EM...

Insights into Dynamic Hot Spot Contributions in Quantitative Colloidal SERS

Abstract Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has the potential to become a truly quantitative spectroscopic method, but this goal remains constrained by the extreme sensitivity of the signal to nanoscale plasmonic environments. In colloidal systems, the measured response is...

Cosmological Constraints from Full-scale Clustering and Galaxy–Galaxy Lensing with DESI DR1

Abstract We present constraints on cosmic structure growth from the analysis of galaxy clustering and galaxy–galaxy lensing with galaxies from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 1. Our analysis includes four samples drawn from the Bright Galaxy Survey (B...

Measuring the rate of glitches in interferometric gravitational wave detectors with a hierarchical Bayesian model

Abstract Ground-based gravitational wave detectors are now routinely surveying the dark Universe, finding hundreds of collisions between compact objects. However, terrestrial non-Gaussian noise artefacts, commonly known as glitches, reduce the sensitivity to signals and can overl...

Approach to optimal quantum transport via states over time

We approach the problem of constructing a quantum analogue of the immensely fruitful classical transport cost theory of Monge from a new angle. Going back to the original motivations, by which the transport is a bilinear function of a mass distribution (without loss of generality...

Culinary Chemistry as a Platform for Interfacial Materials Design

ABSTRACT This Review examines culinary systems as experimentally accessible models of interfacial materials design. Culinary operations, including emulsification, foaming, gelation, spherification, controlled heating, smoking, and dehydration, govern gas‐liquid, oil‐water, solid‐...

Product‐Reshaped Gas‐Phase Hydrodynamics Govern CO 2 Electrolysis in Gas Diffusion Electrodes

ABSTRACT High‐rate electrolysis is commonly assessed using current density, single‐pass conversion and Faradaic efficiency, but these global metrics do not indicate whether the local reaction environment required for selective multicarbon formation is preserved during scale‐up. U...

Optical properties and shape-dependent retrievals of the imaginary part of the refractive index of freshly emitted Saharan dust

Abstract. Mineral dust is a major contributor to atmospheric aerosols and plays a complex role in Earth’s radiation budget. However, large uncertainties remain in quantifying its direct radiative effects (DRE), primarily due to poorly constrained absorption properties. Most estim...

Joint Modeling of GD-1 and C-19 as Old Streams

Abstract DESI observational data for the GD-1 and C-19 streams are compared to stream simulations in an evolving multihalo potential of a Milky Way–like galaxy based on a cosmological Milky Way–like simulation. The number of subhalos decreases with time, and the subhalo-stream en...

The Composite Spectrum of QSO Absorption Line Systems in DESI DR2

Abstract We present details regarding a composite spectrum of quasar (QSO) absorption line systems. In this composite spectrum, we identify more than 70 absorption lines and observe oxygen and hydrogen emission features at a higher signal-to-noise ratio than any previous study. A...

Bandwidth-Limited Critical Currents in Electrically Tunable Moire Bands

Abstract Moiré superlattices host narrow minibands whose bandwidth governs correlated and topological phases. Here, we demonstrate that the bandwidth also sets the critical current for the onset of out-of-equilibrium transport. In bilayer graphene aligned to hexagonal boron nitr...

Blood-brain barrier opening with focused ultrasound reduces neuromelanin in a non-human primate model.

Age-related accumulation of neuromelanin (NM) has been implicated in the intrinsic vulnerability of catecholaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease. Postmortem studies in Parkinson's disease patients have revealed elevated intracellular and extracellular NM in the substantia nig...

Approximation of adelic divisors and equidistribution of small points

Abstract We study the asymptotic distribution of the Galois orbits of generic sequences of algebraic points of small height in a projective variety over a number field. Our main result is a generalization of Yuan’s equidistribution theorem that applies to heights for which Zhang’...

Plasmon‐Enhanced Second‐Harmonic Generation in Atomically Thin Crystalline Silver Nanostructures

ABSTRACT The intrinsically weak nonlinear optical response of existing materials, further constrained by symmetry‐forbidden second‐order processes in centrosymmetric media, severely limits efficient frequency conversion in deeply subwavelength, ultrathin volumes. Addressing this...

The DESI Y1 RR Lyrae Catalog. I. Empirical Modeling of the Cyclic Variation of Spectroscopic Properties and a Chemodynamical Analysis of the Outer Halo

Abstract We present the catalog of RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) observed in the first year of operations of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey. This catalog contains 6240 RRLs out to ∼120 kpc from the Galactic center and over 12,000 individual epochs with homogeneous...

The DESI Y1 RR Lyrae Catalog. II. The Metallicity Dependency of Pulsational Properties, the Shape of the RR Lyrae Instability Strip, and Metal Rich RR Lyrae

Abstract RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) are valuable probes of both Milky Way assembly and stellar-evolution physics. Using a sample 6240 RRLs obtained in the first year of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey, we investigate the metallicity of RRLs and its correlation w...

Speak to a Protein: An Interactive Multimodal Co-Scientist for Protein Analysis

Abstract Building a working mental model of a protein typically requires weeks of reading, cross-referencing crystal and predicted structures, and inspecting ligand complexes, an effort that is slow, unevenly accessible, and often requires specialized computational skills. We int...

HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Mother–Infant Pairs in Southern Mozambique

This prospective nested cohort (EARTH) study evaluated drug resistance mutations and outcomes among 79 (31 with genetic results) early-treated Mozambican children living with HIV, followed for 50 months. Mortality reached 20.3%. Drug resistance mutations were detected in 58.1% of...

Oxygen Management in Ruthenium–Cerium Anode Facilitates Water Adsorption and Bubble Desorption for Oxygen Evolution at High Current Densities

Abstract The production of hydrogen via acidic water electrolysis requires efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at high current densities. However, this is often limited by oxygen bubble accumulation, which blocks active sites and restricts water access. Although bubble rele...

Cognitive vergence and pupil response during oddball task are associated with Alzheimer´s disease cerebrospinal fluid neurodegenerative biomarkers

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) can be diagnosed using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers reflecting amyloid and tau pathology. However, they provide no information about functional network status. We aimed to determine whether CSF biomarkers (Aβ42, p-Tau, t-Tau, and Aβ42/p-Tau ratio)...