Indiana University School of Medicine

Hemispheric Asymmetry of Neuroimaging Biomarkers in Early Onset Alzheimer's Disease: Clinical and Cognitive Outcomes

Objective Individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD) often exhibit amyloid, tau, and atrophy predominantly in the left or right hemisphere, but group‐level analyses typically ignore inter‐individual variability and changing asymmetry patterns when averaging data across p...

Global Incidence of All-Cause Dementia

Importance Global dementia incidence estimates are limited by underrepresentation of low- and middle-income countries and heterogeneous analytic methods. Due to these limitations, true understanding of the global dementia landscape remains incomplete. Objective To identify dement...

Profiling peripheral immune cells in Parkinson's disease: A scoping review

Parkinson's disease (PD) is increasingly recognized as a multi-system disorder with immune dysregulation extending beyond the central nervous system. Although numerous studies have examined peripheral immune alterations in people with PD, findings remain heterogeneous and difficu...

Barriers to research engagement among medical students in Türkiye: the role of environmental factors

Abstract Background Medical student participation in structured research activities during undergraduate education appears to remain limited and the factors underlying this limited participation are not yet fully understood. Existing validated questionnaires were not suitable for...

Well-being, Learning Environment, and Mistreatment Among Unionized Versus Nonunionized Surgery Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether residency program unionization was associated with differences in resident well-being, learning environment, and mistreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. BACKGROUND: Resident unionization increased following the COVID-19 pandemic, driven by concer...

Alcohol use trajectories and liver enzyme changes in adolescents with MASLD: A longitudinal multicenter cohort.

OBJECTIVES: To characterize longitudinal patterns of alcohol use and evaluate associations with liver enzyme changes in youth with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). METHODS: We analyzed 1172 children with biopsy-confirmed MASLD and longitudinal Alc...

Conserved hepatic RNA signatures across multiple cohorts reveal novel mechanistic clues for advanced fibrosis in human MASLD.

BACKGROUND: Fibrosis development in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a key indicator of disease progression and clinical outcome. Bulk and single-cell transcriptomics on human tissue have advanced understanding of fibrosis progress...

Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Thalamic Brain Metastases: A Retrospective Analysis and Literature Review.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The thalamus, a neural processor and integrator for forebrain activities, is an uncommon site for metastatic lesions. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has become a noninvasive treatment for brain metastases. This study assesses the efficacy, safety, and...

The Childhood Liver Disease Research Network's prospective characterization of pediatric primary sclerosing cholangitis.

BACKGROUND: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare biliary fibrosing disease that leads to significant morbidity and the need for liver transplantation. The Childhood Liver Disease Research Network is conducting a prospective, observational longitudinal study to define th...

Urinary Tract Infection Diagnosis—A Companion to the American Academy of Pediatrics’ 2026 Clinical Practice Guideline on the Diagnosis and Management of Urinary Tract Infection: Technical Report

Accurate diagnosis is essential to appropriate care. Although urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections in children, there is no gold standard for its diagnosis. During the American Academy of Pediatrics' revision of its Clinical Practice Guidel...

Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Urinary Tract Infection in Children From 8 Days to 5 Years of Age

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections in infants and young children, with a prevalence of 7% in infants with fever. This clinical practice guideline (CPG) provides an update of the literature and clinical recommendations of the 2011 American...

Disclosure of HIV Positive Status and Network Characteristics Among a Cohort of People Living with HIV in Western Kenya

Disclosure of HIV serostatus is critical in managing the health and well-being of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), yet the decision to disclose is shaped by complex interpersonal and contextual factors. The purpose of this study was to examine patterns of HIV status disclosur...

Compassionate Communication During Early Pregnancy Loss: Using Forum Theatre to Train Emergency Medicine Residents

ABSTRACT Background Compassionate communication is a critical skill when caring for patients experiencing early pregnancy loss (EPL) in the emergency department; however, medical learners often have limited opportunities to practice this skill in a psychologically safe, low‐stake...

PD GENEration: an international Parkinson’s disease genetic research study

Abstract Background PD GENEration (NCT04057794, NCT04994015), sponsored by the Parkinson's Foundation in partnership with Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) through the Global Parkinson’s Genetics Program (GP2), is an international, observational, clinical research study...

Group postpartum care improves mental health among postpartum women: a randomized controlled trial in Ghana

Despite the significant contribution of poor perinatal mental health to maternal morbidity and mortality, mental health care is often overlooked and not prioritized during postpartum care in many developing countries. In a parallel randomized controlled trial in Ghana, we tested...

Global Paid and Unpaid Productivity Losses Due to Gastrointestinal Cancer Mortality

OBJECTIVES: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers contribute substantially to premature mortality, yet their full economic burden, including unpaid work, remains underquantified. We aimed to estimate global productivity losses attributable to GI cancer mortality, considering paid and unp...

Keyphrase identification using minimal labeled data with hierarchical contexts and transfer learning

Interoperable clinical decision support system (CDSS) rules provide a pathway to interoperability, a well-recognized challenge in health information technology. Building an ontology facilitates creating interoperable CDSS rules, and identifying the keyphrases (KP) from the existi...

Beyond Cys65: Redox Effector Factor-1 CRISPR-Engineered Cys93 and Cys99 Mutants Reveal Cooperative and Secondary Roles of Redox Signaling and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Progression

Aims: Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox effector factor 1 (APE1/Ref-1) is a multifunctional protein implicated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) through its redox regulation of oncogenic transcription factors (TFs) such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha, nucle...

Landscape of approaches for streamlining pre-analytical and early analytical variables for solid tumor next-generation sequencing: A Genomics Organization for Academic Laboratories consortium report

The scope of pre-analytical and early analytical methods used in clinical molecular laboratories can have vast effects on the quality and turnaround time for solid tumor next-generation sequencing assays. To learn more about various approaches, a survey of 24 academic laboratorie...

Novel Injectable Supports Long‐Term Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve and Partial Peripheral Nerve Repair

ABSTRACT Background Unilateral vocal fold paralysis (VFP) from recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury currently has no injectable treatment options that promote targeted reinnervation. In a prior pilot study, Agrin, neuregulin‐1 (NRG1), and acetylcholine (ACh) enhanced early (1‐m...