Indian Institute of Technology Madras

Synergistic Microwave–ZwitterionicNaturalDeep Eutectic Solvents System for Selective Fractionation of PineappleLeaf Agro-Biomass, Enabling Multifunctional Lignin and BioethanolProduction

Abstract This study introduces a novel, rapid, and sustainable biorefinery approach for lignocellulosic biomass valorization, employing a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) system composed of betaine hydrochloride and lactic acid (15:85 w/w). Within just 4 min of microwave-ass...

Emergent flocking dynamics in chemorepulsive active colloids: Interplay of disorder and noise

Recent studies of active colloidal matter have revealed that a global polar order can arise from chemorepulsive interactions among particles without any explicit alignment interaction between them. In this study, we investigate such chemically interacting active colloids in the p...

Evaluation of a passive pre-chamber design to enable turbulent jet ignition in a retrofitted CNG SI engine: A CFD-based analysis with comparison against the conventional spark plug mode

Abstract Compressed natural gas is a promising alternative fuel for spark-ignition engines due to its availability and potential for reduced CO2 emissions. However, its low laminar flame speed leads to longer combustion duration, especially under low-load conditions, adversely af...

A Foundational Framework for Understanding the Universe and the Self

I propose an Empirical-Axiomatic Framework that develops a unified hierarchy connecting existence, structure, representation, epistemic activity, knowledge, truth, and consciousness. The framework begins with primitive ontological concepts and distinguishes an Abstract Regime of...

A Foundational Framework for Understanding the Universe and the Self

I propose an Empirical-Axiomatic Framework that develops a unified hierarchy connecting existence, structure, representation, epistemic activity, knowledge, truth, and consciousness. The framework begins with primitive ontological concepts and distinguishes an Abstract Regime of...

Equivalence of XOR and XNOR in differential cryptanalysis: application to SCAN-C

Abstract SCAN-C is a lightweight block cipher featuring a hybrid Feistel-SPN structure designed for Controller Area Network (CAN) security. This work presents the first full-round differential cryptanalysis of SCAN-C, demonstrating that its unique XNOR-based key mixing provides n...

A Systematic Studyand Mechanistic Insights into theAlkynyl-Prins Cyclization–Rearrangement Cascade of 2-(Alkynol)benzoates:Controlled Synthesis of 3-(Furan-3-ylidene) and 3-(Pyran-3-ylidene)phthalides

Abstract We report a controlled and systematic approach for the divergent synthesis of 3-(furan-3-ylidene)- and 3-(pyran-3-ylidene)phthalides via an alkynyl-Prins cyclization of (2-alkynol)benzoates. In contrast to our previous work for the synthesis of [n,5]-oxaspirophthalides (...

Consciousness within the Empirical-Axiomatic Framework: An Organizational Interpretation of the Self, Subjective Experience, and the Hard Problem

Consciousness remains one of the most extensively discussed and philosophically challenging subjects in contemporary philosophy of mind. Despite significant advances in neuroscience, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence, the relationship between organized physical syste...

Consciousness within the Empirical-Axiomatic Framework: An Organizational Interpretation of the Self, Subjective Experience, and the Hard Problem

Consciousness remains one of the most extensively discussed and philosophically challenging subjects in contemporary philosophy of mind. Despite significant advances in neuroscience, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence, the relationship between organized physical syste...