Indian Institute of Technology Madras

Multi-head attention-driven multimodal feature integration network for autism spectrum disorder detection

The growing prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) highlights the need for accurate and reliable intelligent screening systems for early behavioral assessment. However, ASD-related behaviors vary significantly across individuals, making diagnosis based on a single modality...

Phenotypic characteristics associated with preterm births in the Indian population

ABSTRACT Background Preterm birth (PTB), defined as the birth of infants before 37 weeks of gestation, poses significant health risks, including increased mortality and long-term disabilities. India stands as a major contributor to global PTB-related mortality, primarily due to i...

Anthropogenic drivers of algal regime shifts in a Himalayan watershed and pathways for nature-based solutions

Abstract Freshwater ecosystems worldwide are increasingly threatened by human activities, yet the ecological mechanisms linking anthropogenic pressures to algal community dynamics remain incompletely resolved in the Himalayan river systems. To bridge this gap, this study presents...

Synthesis and hydration of calcium sulfoaluminate cement produced using red mud

Calcium sulfoaluminate–belite (CSAB) cements are produced using limestone, bauxite and gypsum at clinkering temperatures below 1350°C, offering a low carbon dioxide alternative to Portland cement for various applications. In this study, red mud (bauxite residue) is used as a part...

Synergistic Microwave–ZwitterionicNaturalDeep Eutectic Solvents System for Selective Fractionation of PineappleLeaf Agro-Biomass, Enabling Multifunctional Lignin and BioethanolProduction

Abstract This study introduces a novel, rapid, and sustainable biorefinery approach for lignocellulosic biomass valorization, employing a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) system composed of betaine hydrochloride and lactic acid (15:85 w/w). Within just 4 min of microwave-ass...

Emergent flocking dynamics in chemorepulsive active colloids: Interplay of disorder and noise

Recent studies of active colloidal matter have revealed that a global polar order can arise from chemorepulsive interactions among particles without any explicit alignment interaction between them. In this study, we investigate such chemically interacting active colloids in the p...

Evaluation of a passive pre-chamber design to enable turbulent jet ignition in a retrofitted CNG SI engine: A CFD-based analysis with comparison against the conventional spark plug mode

Abstract Compressed natural gas is a promising alternative fuel for spark-ignition engines due to its availability and potential for reduced CO2 emissions. However, its low laminar flame speed leads to longer combustion duration, especially under low-load conditions, adversely af...

A Foundational Framework for Understanding the Universe and the Self

I propose an Empirical-Axiomatic Framework that develops a unified hierarchy connecting existence, structure, representation, epistemic activity, knowledge, truth, and consciousness. The framework begins with primitive ontological concepts and distinguishes an Abstract Regime of...

A Foundational Framework for Understanding the Universe and the Self

I propose an Empirical-Axiomatic Framework that develops a unified hierarchy connecting existence, structure, representation, epistemic activity, knowledge, truth, and consciousness. The framework begins with primitive ontological concepts and distinguishes an Abstract Regime of...

Equivalence of XOR and XNOR in differential cryptanalysis: application to SCAN-C

Abstract SCAN-C is a lightweight block cipher featuring a hybrid Feistel-SPN structure designed for Controller Area Network (CAN) security. This work presents the first full-round differential cryptanalysis of SCAN-C, demonstrating that its unique XNOR-based key mixing provides n...

A Systematic Studyand Mechanistic Insights into theAlkynyl-Prins Cyclization–Rearrangement Cascade of 2-(Alkynol)benzoates:Controlled Synthesis of 3-(Furan-3-ylidene) and 3-(Pyran-3-ylidene)phthalides

Abstract We report a controlled and systematic approach for the divergent synthesis of 3-(furan-3-ylidene)- and 3-(pyran-3-ylidene)phthalides via an alkynyl-Prins cyclization of (2-alkynol)benzoates. In contrast to our previous work for the synthesis of [n,5]-oxaspirophthalides (...

Consciousness within the Empirical-Axiomatic Framework: An Organizational Interpretation of the Self, Subjective Experience, and the Hard Problem

Consciousness remains one of the most extensively discussed and philosophically challenging subjects in contemporary philosophy of mind. Despite significant advances in neuroscience, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence, the relationship between organized physical syste...

Consciousness within the Empirical-Axiomatic Framework: An Organizational Interpretation of the Self, Subjective Experience, and the Hard Problem

Consciousness remains one of the most extensively discussed and philosophically challenging subjects in contemporary philosophy of mind. Despite significant advances in neuroscience, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence, the relationship between organized physical syste...