Hudson Institute of Medical Research

The Complex Interplay of Duration of Residence and Region of Birth on Perinatal Outcomes Among Migrant Women in Australia: A Cohort Study

ABSTRACT Background Although migrants are recognised as heterogeneous, research often emphasises origin over receiving‐context experiences. Objectives We investigated maternal risk factors and perinatal outcomes by duration of residence in Australia, stratified by region of birth...

Galectin-3 restrains T cell-driven inflammation in the testis and epididymis

Abstract Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a pleiotropic molecule involved in immune regulation and tissue homeostasis. While it has been implicated in reproductive tissue function, its role in shaping immune cell dynamics within the testis and epididymis remains incompletely defined. Here,...

Identification of immunodominant ERV peptides critical for anti-metastatic immunity in a model of TNBC

Abstract The integration of immunotherapy into neoadjuvant treatment for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has improved outcomes in some patients. Pre-clinical investigation of immunotherapy resistance in the aggressive 4T1 TNBC model has been hampered by a lack of known tumou...

Oxygen vs Air at Birth for Moderate- to Late-Preterm Infants

Importance The optimal initial fraction of inspired oxygen (F io 2 ) for delivery room resuscitation of neonates born at 32 to 35 weeks’ gestation is unknown. Objective To compare outcomes for neonates born at 32 to 35 weeks’ gestation when initiating resuscitation with F io 2 0....

Handle with care: packaging the oocyte epigenome for the next generation

During oocyte growth, substantial epigenetic programming occurs to establish a distinctive epigenome including appropriately patterned DNA methylation and histone modifications. Oocyte epigenetic programming must be tightly spatiotemporally regulated to ensure that a wide variety...

Comparative Characterisation of Subcutaneous, Intraperitoneal and Intrabursal OVCAR3 Models

OVCAR3 cells are widely used to establish animal models of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) via subcutaneous (SC), intraperitoneal (IP), and intrabursal (IB) routes. However, direct comparisons of tumour development across these implantation routes are limited. This study...

A necroptotic-to-apoptotic signaling axis underlies inflammatory bowel disease

ABSTRACT Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition caused by altered cytokine signaling, maladaptive immunity, dysbiosis, and intestinal barrier dysfunction. Patients with IBD receive therapy to correct these imbalances and achieve remission. However, most patients...

Effect of the November 2023 Medicare Benefits Schedule PSA Testing Reform on National Utilisation, Diagnostic Activity, and Health-System Expenditure in Australia

Background/Objectives: On 1 November 2023, the Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) introduced major reforms to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing in Australia, extending the minimum re-test interval for average-risk men (item 66655) from 12 to 23 months and introducing a new an...

The Effect of Antenatal Paracetamol on Breathing Effort of Premature Infants at Birth: A Feasibility Trial

Background: Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) suppresses perinatal breathing. Reducing antenatal PGE2 concentrations with paracetamol could stimulate spontaneous breathing in premature infants at birth. We aimed to assess feasibility and potential effects of antenatal paracetamol. Methods:...

An N-terminal CDC42 T43I variant reveals the mechanism of pyrin inflammasome activation

Heterozygous carboxyl-terminal variants in the RHO guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) CDC42 are known to cause severe autoinflammatory syndromes. Here, we identified a heterozygous amino-terminal p.T43I (Thr 43 →Ile) CDC42 variant in patients with autoinflammation and uncovered a...

An autoinflammatory CDC42 variant M45L demonstrates the mechanism of pyrin inflammasome activation

CDC42 is an evolutionarily conserved guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) regulating critical cellular and immune processes. Variants in CDC42 therefore cause a spectrum of developmental phenotypes, including hematological and immunological symptoms. Here, we identify a previously u...

Microglial maturation across human and mouse as a reference for interpreting large-animal models of perinatal brain injury

Abstract Microglia play dynamic roles in the developing brain and are central mediators of injury responses in perinatal brain injury. In mice, microglial gene regulatory and transcriptional programes reveal progression through early, pre-mature and mature stages. In contrast, mi...