Hainan University

Limitation of O3 Dry Deposition by Elevated-Source NO Emissions and Surface Dryness in Urban Environments

Abstract Tropospheric ozone (O3) is a major air pollutant that adversely affects human health, climate and ecosystems. However, its removal in urban environments remains poorly represented in air-quality and climate models, largely due to limited flux-based observations of urban...

Effect of Nano- and Microparticulate Fermented Fish Protein Hydrolysate Diets on Growth, Digestive Function, Intestinal Development, and Gene Expression in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Larvae

The early larval stage is a major bottleneck in freshwater aquaculture because conventional live feeds are not always available for optimum nutrient availability and digestibility to satisfy the nutritional requirements of developing larvae. This study evaluated the effects of mi...

Formation control for multiple similar autonomous underwater vehicles with dynamic gaps via deep reinforcement learning

Dynamic gaps between simulation and real world environments are the major challenge for the implementation of deep reinforcement learning (RL) based formation control methods in systems composed of multiple similar autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), mainly involving hydrodyna...

Vacuum‐Induced Surface Reconstruction of Mn–Ce Oxides for Low‐Temperature Coupled Redox Catalysis

ABSTRACT Low‐temperature redox catalysis over mixed oxides is typically optimized by tuning bulk composition, yet the decisive chemistry occurs at the surface and subsurface interface. Here, we show that this interface can be deliberately reconstructed to enhance Mn–Ce oxide cata...

Trends and demographic patterns of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake in Nigeria

This study examined the trends and demographic patterns of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake in Nigeria from 2020 to 2024 using secondary programme data extracted from the national HIV prevention and treatment information system of Birni Kebbi general hospital, Nigeria....

CausalSTKT: Disentangled Spatiotemporal Heterogeneous Graph Learning for Robust Knowledge Tracing Under Distribution Shifts

Knowledge tracing supports adaptive intelligent tutoring systems by estimating learners’ evolving knowledge states from sequential interactions. However, existing models often rely on dataset-specific correlations and may suffer substantial performance degradation under distribut...

L-Theanine Prevents Autophagy Impairment to Counteract Cadmium-Induced Hepatic Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Ferroptosis, and Glucolipid Dysmetabolism in Mice

Background: Cadmium (Cd) exposure impairs the autophagic response, a core mechanism for cell preservation and organismal homeostasis, eventually resulting in metabolic disturbances, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. L-theanine (LT) exhibits multiple health benefits...

Field evaluation of microbial antagonists for control of root rot and improvement of spring wheat productivity in Kazakhstan

This field study evaluated the effects of microbial seed treatments on field emergence, plant growth, yield components, and root rot development in spring wheat under the agro-climatic conditions of southeastern Kazakhstan. Two spring wheat cultivars, Diva and E-1, were used to a...

Novel Coumarin Derivatives Containing Oxazole/Isoxazole/Pyrazole Groups as Antifungal Agents: Design, Synthesis, Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationships, and Preliminary Mechanistic Insights

Abstract Plant pathogenic fungi pose a significant threat to global crop productivity and food security. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of 55 coumarin–oxazole, −isoxazole, and −pyrazole hybrids as novel antifungal agents. Most derivatives exhibited notable potency, wi...

How climatic, edaphic, and biotic drivers collectively govern large-scale grassland biomass allocation

Abstract The pattern of vegetation biomass allocation is a key mechanism for understanding the carbon sequestration function of grassland ecosystems and their responses to global change. By integrating multi-scale observations and global datasets, this study applied extreme gradi...

Carbon sink was strengthening in Yunnan’s vegetation: findings from trained eddy flux data with gradient boosting machine

Yunnan Province, a key forest region in China, plays a crucial role in the nation’s terrestrial carbon sink. Understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics and driving mechanisms of vegetation carbon sinks in this topographically complex and ecologically diverse region is essential fo...

Plant immune co-receptors: bridging gaps toward next-generation crop defense

Abstract Plant innate immunity is a crucial, multi-layered defense system that protects crops from a wide range of bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens, all of which pose a significant threat to global food security. Co-receptors function as central molecular modulators that am...

Drimane-Pyrone-Type Meroterpenoids and Co-Isolated Compounds from the Deep-Sea Fungus Penicillium rubens MABC05 and Their Anti-Ferroptotic and Cytotoxic Activities

Ferroptosis is a critical driver of tubular necrosis, and its effective inhibition holds significant potential for mitigating renal injury. In this study, chemical investigation of the strain Penicillium rubens MABC05 yielded nine drimane-pyrone-type meroterpenoids (1–9), includi...

The nexus of sustainability: investigating energy transition, green technological innovations, and financial development in mitigating carbon emissions in BRICS

Purpose From the perspective of global environmental stability, the BRICS’ position as the world's leading carbon emitter poses a serious threat. Therefore, it is essential to develop a distinct model that enables policymakers to formulate robust mitigation strategies and support...

Dual-contrastive learning for spatial domain identification in spatial transcriptomics with STAMGC

Spatial transcriptomics (STs) have become a valuable approach for understanding the growth and development of organisms. Despite the recent emergence of numerous ST models, accurately identifying spatial domains remains challenging owing to the trade-off between preserving local...

ZIF‐8 Film Coatings Render Polymeric Device Surfaces Addressable by 1 H/ 129 Xe MRI

ABSTRACT Metal‐organic framework (MOF) films synergize molecular‐scale porosity with conformal surface chemistry on polymer substrates. We report a spectrally selective coating in which a ZIF‐8 film, seeded by a Zn(II)‐polydopamine (Zn‐PDA) interlayer on polytetrafluoroethylene (...

Effect of random corrosion pit dimensions on ultrasonic guided wave propagation characteristics in rock bolts

Rock bolts in complex underground environments are prone to randomly distributed localized corrosion damage, posing a severe threat to the stability of anchorage structures. Ultrasonic guided waves represent a core technology for nondestructive testing of bolt corrosion; however,...

Relationship Between Understory Plant Diversity and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Four Vegetation Restoration Forest Types in the Latosol Gully Erosion Area on Hainan Island

Studying the relationships between understory plant diversity and soil physicochemical properties aids in understanding the sustainable development of plantation forests. Vegetation restoration in latosol gully erosion areas plays a key role in preventing soil erosion. Variations...

Sulfur Tailoring the d-Band Center of Cu Single Atoms via Engineering the Second Scattering Shell for Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction

Abstract Modulating the d-band center of metal emerges as an efficient strategy to boost photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). However, simple methods for accurate Cu d-band center control are lacking. Herein, a sulfur doping strategy was developed to precisely tailor th...

Small mammalian herbivores at moderate densities facilitate livestock growth by improving vegetation composition in grasslands

Small mammals and large herbivores have co-evolved in grasslands for millions of years, yet how they interplay remains unclear. Although large herbivores can significantly affect the smaller ones, the reversal effect is largely unknown. On the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, plateau pik...