GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences

Fluid Injection Triggers Large‐Scale Slow‐Slip Activation of the Rocky Mountain Fold and Thrust Belt

Abstract Using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) we show that hydraulic fracturing treatments near the subsurface deformation limit of the Rocky Mountain Fold and Thrust Belt produced 12 intraplate, aseismic, slow‐slip events with magnitudes 4.71–5.06 at 1,640–2,41...

Decoding complex gold mineralization in the Pitangui Greenstone Belt, Brazil: overprinting systems revealed by pyrite trace elements and sulfur isotopes

Tracing the sources of metals and sulfur in orogenic gold deposits remains debated due to the diversity of these systems. This study constrains the origin and evolution of mineralizing fluids through trace element and sulfur isotope (δ34S) analyses of pyrite from the Papagaios go...

Classifications of Substorms With MLT Patterns of SMU‐SML Indices Based on Convection Properties

Abstract During substorms, magnetospheric convection and magnetotail current sheet disturbances are two critical processes, both driving ionospheric electrojets. Dusk‐side SMU and dawn‐side SML (SuperMAG Electrojet indices) enhancements reflect two‐cell convection. Using this rel...

Rupture dynamics of a moderate intraplate earthquake sequence in the Târgu Jiu region, Romania

Abstract A significant seismic sequence occurred in 2023 in the Târgu Jiu region (Romania), at the boundary between the Getic Depression and the Southeastern Carpathians. The sequence began with two moderate mainshocks (Mw 4.9 and Mw 5.4) located in the active crust (~ 20 km dept...

Relationship Between the Global Distribution of Double Tropopause From Radio Occultation Data and Climate Indices

Abstract Double tropopauses (DTs) are a key but underutilized diagnostic of upper troposphere–lower stratosphere (UTLS) dynamics and stratosphere–troposphere exchange. Here we provide a global, observation‐based assessment of DT variability and its coupling to large‐scale climate...

From regular to random: a unifying framework for step-pool spacing

Abstract. Steep streams frequently display a distinctive step-pool structure where water crests over a near-vertical drop and plunges into a deeper depression in a repeated pattern. Because they naturally moderate the flow of water and sediment in hazardous mountain catchments, s...

Capturing the Epistemic Uncertainty in Subduction Earthquake Rupture Parameters

ABSTRACT Subduction earthquakes are highly destructive and can trigger devastating tsunamis, highlighting the need for a consistent probabilistic seismic-tsunami hazard assessment. However, current approaches treat both hazards separately: tsunami models use static coseismic slip...

Exhumation of Grand Canyon’s basement along the Great Escarpment of Laurentia

The Grand Canyon encompasses two billion years of Earth history, but more than half this record is absent across a regionally extensive erosional surface known as the Great Unconformity. This enigmatic surface has been linked to multi-phase regional tectonics accompanying superco...

Epitactic Growthduring the Fluid-Driven Aragonite-to-CalciteTransformation

Abstract Aragonite and calcite (CaCO3) are the most abundant polymorphs of calcium carbonate in the Earth’s crust and are relevant industrial minerals. The factors that control the solid-state transformation of aragonite, the high-pressure polymorph, into calcite, the stable poly...