Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center

Tracking recent extremes and interannual variability of global fire emissions using a near-real-time extension to the Global Fire Emissions Database

Abstract. The Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) is widely used to quantify spatiotemporal variability and long-term trends in burned area and fire emissions, supporting assessments of fire impacts on ecosystems and atmospheric composition. GFED has historically relied on obse...

SWOT‐Fitted River Bathymetry for Global Hydrodynamic Models

Abstract We present a robust, global method to reconcile absolute water surface elevations (WSE) from the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission with a large‐scale hydrodynamic model by iteratively correcting river bathymetry. After removing sensor and representativene...

Towards continental-scale SWOT-based modeling of reservoir operations

The advent of reservoir models has enabled the monitoring and prediction of reservoir operations (inflow, storage, and release); however, the in situ operation data used for model parameterization is spatially scarce. In this study, we evaluate reservoir monitoring capabilities b...

Consistency between zonal mean stratospheric and total column ozone trends (2000–2024)

This study presents an updated assessment of stratospheric and total column ozone trends over the 2000–2024 period using six merged limb-profile datasets and six merged total ozone datasets. Long-term changes were quantified using a multiple linear regression framework that accou...

Global Projections of Coral Reef Sediment Dissolution in the 21st Century

Abstract Coral reefs build carbonate frameworks, but ocean acidification threatens to reverse this role by accelerating dissolution of permeable reef sediments. We combined Earth system model projections across five emission pathways with an aragonite saturation state‐dissolution...

A data-driven channel infilling rate forecasting framework with quantified uncertainty for Southwest Pass and Houston Ship Channel

Dredging operations in navigational waterways are essential to maintain channel depth to ensure the safe passage of vessels. Existing shoaling forecasting tools often rely on heuristics or direct modeling of cumulative sedimentation, limiting lead time and predictive reliability....

A cross-instrument closure and polarimetric study for improving sub-millimeter polarimeter-radiometer ice cloud microphysics retrievals

Abstract. Ice cloud microphysical properties, such as phase, shape, size and density, introduce significant uncertainties and biases that affect our understanding of how clouds influence weather and climate. The upcoming spaceborne sub-millimeter radiometers are expected to help...

A Physics‐Guided Feature Selection Machine Learning Approach for Cloud Probability Retrieval and Detection From TEMPO Imagery

Abstract Accurate cloud detection is critical for reliable retrievals of aerosols and trace gases from remote‐sensing measurements. TEMPO provides unprecedented hourly observations over North America, but radiometric calibration biases, thousands of spectral channels, and limited...

Resolving circumarctic zero-curtain phenomena with AI-integrated earth observations

<title>Abstract</title> Across the circumarctic, permafrost landscapes store approximately 1700 billion metric tons of organic carbon - nearly twice atmospheric levels - yet reservoir stability depends on the zero-curtain, a subsurface thermal plateau that emerges when latent hea...

Climatology and Interannual Variations in Arctic Winter Sea Ice Leads in the ICESat-2 Era

Abstract. Sea ice leads play a key role in polar air-sea heat, moisture, and gas exchanges, ocean heat and salinity variations, and ecosystem processes. However, their small-scale nature challenges efforts to assess spatiotemporal variability on a pan-Arctic basis. Here, we use s...