Duke Medical Center

Exploration of the genetic architecture of ANCA-associated vasculitis

Background Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a complex autoimmune disease with distinct clinical and serological subtypes. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several susceptibility loci, particularly within the major h...

A randomized phase II study of fulvestrant with or without ganetespib in patients with endocrine resistant metastatic breast cancer

Abstract Background Patients with endocrine-resistant hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) have limited effective treatment options. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) regulates estrogen receptor stability and function; its inhibition has been...

Managing growth and puberty concerns in individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Updated guidance and future directions

Long-term glucocorticoid therapy is standard of care for individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) but often results in impaired growth and delayed or incomplete puberty, impacting their physical and psychosocial health. Although DMD endocrine care has evolved, leading t...

Testing peripheral and central therapies for provoked vestibulodynia: results from the UPDATe trial

Introduction Vestibulodynia (VBD) is a common chronic pelvic pain condition with heterogeneous clinical presentation, including subtypes distinguished by the presence (VBD-central; VBD-c) or absence (VBD-peripheral; VBD-p) of comorbid pain conditions. Despite frequent prescribing...

Effect of Age on Physical Function Improvement in Older Veterans Enrolled in the Gerofit Exercise Program

Background/Objectives: Aging is associated with declines in strength, balance, and mobility that contribute to falls, disability, and loss of independence. While exercise interventions improve physical function, limited data exist on community-dwelling adults aged 90 years and ol...

Postoperative Opioid Use Prediction Calculator Performance in Patients Undergoing Gynecologic Surgery

Importance Postoperative opioid overprescription contributes to the opioid epidemic. Objective To expand and validate a gynecologic oncology–developed postoperative opioid use prediction calculator in a diverse surgical population and evaluate whether it could be modified for pre...

Exploratory Analysis of APOE ε4-Stratified Associations Between Plasma Alzheimer's Biomarkers and Retinal Imaging Metrics in Cognitively Normal Adults

Purpose: Retinal imaging offers a noninvasive window into microvascular and neurodegenerative changes, yet its relationship to circulating plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains incompletely understood. We evaluated associations between plasma AD biomarkers and ret...

Parental Stigma and “Good Parenting” in Child and Adolescent Mental Health

OBJECTIVE: Parents of children with mental health problems often experience judgment about their parenting. Such stigma is associated with lower parental well-being and greater child symptom severity. Theory-driven descriptions of and interventions for parental stigma are limited...

Anticoagulation Treatment Response Among Phenotypic ESUS Clusters: Evidence From CASPR

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate treatment effect heterogeneity across phenotypic clusters of patients with cryptogenic embolic stroke using causal inference methods. Methods From a retrospective, multicenter cohort of patients with cryptogenic embolic stroke, we estimated the trea...

Inpatient Pediatric-to-Adult Transition of Care Consultation Delivery: A Mixed-Methods Study

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated an inpatient transition consultation (ITC) for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with chronic conditions and their caregivers admitted to the hospital to assess ITC content, evaluate how it addressed transition concerns, determine its impact, and identif...

New FDA-Approved Treg Therapy to Reduce Chronic GVHD After Allogeneic HSCT

The Precision-T phase 3 trial is the first randomized, multicenter demonstration that a centrally manufactured defined allograft is effective markedly reducing moderate-to-severe chronic GVHD and non-relapse mortality without loss of graft versus leukemia or graft failure and inf...

Causes of False-Negative Screening Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Examinations: A Multireader Study

In a contemporary breast cancer screening setting with digital breast tomosynthesis and multimodal supplemental screening, approximately half of false-negative cancers were missed, one-quarter were true interval, and one-quarter were mammographically occult cancers.

Mitochondrial carrier SLC25A34 links clock, diet, and temperature control of adipocyte lipid cycling

Adipocyte lipid metabolism is coordinated by circadian rhythms, diet, and environmental temperature, but how these diverse signals are molecularly integrated remains unknown. We showed that these cues converge on the orphan mitochondrial transporter SLC25A34 to orchestrate lipid...

Patient Risk Factors for Incidental Pathology After Uterovaginal Surgery for Apical Prolapse: Systematic Review and Global Expert Consensus Statements

Abstract Introduction and Hypothesis Uterus preservation is increasingly used for uterovaginal prolapse (U-POP) repair despite ongoing concerns regarding future uterine, cervical, and adnexal pathology. We evaluated incidental pathology rates, associated risk factors, and created...

Perioperative Durvalumab for Resectable NSCLC : Updated Outcomes for Japanese Patients in AEGEAN

ABSTRACT In the phase 3 AEGEAN study, perioperative durvalumab plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved the primary endpoints of event‐free survival (EFS) and pathological complete response (pCR) in patients with resectable NSCLC versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone....

Impact of SGA, AGA, and LGA birthweight subclassification on NICU mortality risk identification: a cohort study

Abstract Objective To assess whether subdividing small (SGA, <10th), appropriate (AGA, 10th–90th), and large (LGA, >90th percentile) for gestational age (GA) birthweight classifications improves mortality risk estimation among preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units (NIC...

You Are Already Trained for This: The Hematologist/Oncologist's Role in Radiation Mass Casualty Response

A large-scale radiation injury or nuclear incident requires an immediate, coordinated medical response that vastly exceeds traditional disaster management frameworks. While specialized networks exist, the initial surge of casualties will inevitably place a heavy burden on regiona...

Phylogenetic and phylodynamic approaches to understanding the evolution of non-small cell lung cancer using single-cell sequencing

Abstract Characterizing the genealogy of tumor cells and their population dynamics is central to our understanding of the evolution of cancer. While direct monitoring of the tumor evolutionary process is impractical, we leverage advances in phylogenetics and phylodynamics to expl...

Pheromone circuits and transcriptional cascades modulating transcriptional and chromatin states in the Drosophila central brain with social experience

Abstract Social experience significantly influences the behavioral and physiological responses of animals, including humans. In many animals, social isolation increases aggression, courtship, locomotion, and feeding while disrupting sleep. This occurs when peripheral neurons dete...

Fundamentals of Arthroscopic Surgery Training Program Shows Transfer Validity Through Enhanced Operative Arthroscopic Performance

PURPOSE: To evaluate the content, construct, concurrent, and transfer validity of the Fundamentals of Arthroscopic Surgery Training (FAST) program and to determine whether FAST testing performance correlated with arthroscopic performance in the operating room. METHODS: Participan...