Department of Mathematical Sciences

Stability of (sub)critical nonlocal spatial branching processes with and without immigration

We consider the setting of either a general nonlocal branching particle process or a general nonlocal superprocess, in both cases, with and without immigration. Under the assumption that the mean semigroup has a Perron–Frobenious-type behaviour, as well as the existence of second...

A birational map of a projective space whose intermediate dynamical degrees are all transcendental

Abstract We construct a birational map of P d $\mathbb {P}^d$ double struck upper P Superscript d ( d ≥ 6 $d\geq 6$ d greater than or equals 6 ) whose intermediate dynamical degrees are all transcendental.

Leveraging explainable artificial intelligence and satellite time-series for unravelling nonlinear environmental drivers of post-wildfire vegetation recovery

Understanding post-wildfire vegetation recovery is critical for ecological restoration under climate change. Using the severe March 2024 Yajiang forest fire in China's alpine ecosystem as a case study, we integrated time-series forecasting with interpretable machine learning, aug...

Every negative amphichiral knot is rationally slice

In 2009, Kawauchi proved that every strongly negative amphichiral knot is rationally slice. However, as shown by Hartley in 1980, there are examples of negative amphichiral knots that are not strongly negative amphichiral. In this paper, we prove that every negative amphichiral l...

Ancient DNA preservation in the Caribbean

Abstract Ancient DNA (aDNA) analysis has transformed how we study human migration, species dispersals and environmental change, but poor preservation remains a major challenge. This is especially true in tropical settings, where hot and humid conditions accelerate DNA decay. Beca...

Emission reduction potential of freeway stop-and-go wave smoothing

The real-world potential of stop-and-go wave smoothing at scale remains largely unquantified. Smoothing freeway waves requires opening a gap large enough for them to dissipate, but that gap is often impractically large. We propose a counterfactual wave-smoothing benchmark that re...

Age and sex estimation from Japanese femoral computed tomographic images using foundation models

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the feasibility and performance of a deep learning-based multitask framework for estimating sex and age using femoral CT images in a Japanese population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Postmortem CT (PMCT) data from 1,489 Japanese individuals (1,003 males,...

From Black-Box to Glass-Box: The Impact of Procedural Transparency and Explainability on AI Literacy in K-12 Education

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes ubiquitous, moving learners beyond foundational awareness toward higher-order AI literacy is increasingly essential. Automated AI tools prioritize high-level abstraction, risking “illusory competence” in which operational success masks conc...

"Pathology-Aware Explainability in Chest X-ray Classifiers

Evaluating chest radiograph classifiers presents a fundamental mismatch: models are conventionally validated by discrimination metrics, yet radiological diagnosis relies on the structured interpretation of visual signs—its semiology. This mismatch allows strong classification des...

Categorification and mirror symmetry for Grassmannians

Abstract The homogeneous coordinate ring of the Grassmannian is a cluster algebra, with an additive categorification . In particular, every in has a cluster character . We work initially in a more general Frobenius 2‐CY subcategory of , where is an algebra defined simply relative...

Disentangling the drivers of heterogeneity in SARS-CoV-2 transmission from data on viral load and daily contact rates

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 transmission is highly overdispersed, with a minority of individuals responsible for the majority of transmission, though the drivers of this heterogeneity are unclear. Here, we assess the contribution of variation in viral load and daily contact rates to this...

Perspectives on online change-detection techniques deployed to model atmospheric anomalies

The menacing rate at which strong hurricanes get formed and the damages they inflict on coastal regions have posed a headache to governments around the globe. Studies track this and offer speculations as to the cause. Locating the time stamps around which frequencies begin to flu...

Tourism Demand Probabilistic Interval Forecasting Approach With Integrated Deep PatchTST‐GMM Model

ABSTRACT Tourism demand forecasting is an important guide for decision‐making in related industries, especially because interval forecasting can provide managers with more decision‐relevant information than a single point estimate. In order to better forecast tourism demand, this...

AI-generated books and collection development practices: a survey of librarians in Nigerian university libraries

This paper explored AI-generated books and collection development practices among librarians in federal university libraries in Southern Nigeria. The study was anchored on the Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DOI). A descriptive survey design was employed, and the study population...

Reviving, reproducing, and revisiting Axelrod’s second tournament

Abstract Direct reciprocity, typically studied using the Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma ( IPD ), is central to explaining cooperation. In the 1980s Robert Axelrod ran two computer tournaments in which Tit for Tat ( TFT ) emerged as the winner. Yet the archival record is incomplete:...

Charting the future of auditing: a global latent Dirichlet allocation-based exploration (1988–2024)

Abstract This study aims to identify key themes and research trends in auditing through a comprehensive analysis of 5961 Scopus-indexed articles published from 1988 to 2024. Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) was employed to uncover dominant themes and associated conceptual groupi...