Dalian University of Technology

Convergence Analysis of Controlled Particle Systems Arising in Deep Learning: From Finite to Infinite Sample Size

Abstract This paper deals with a class of neural SDEs and studies the limiting behavior of the associated sampled optimal control problems as the sample size grows to infinity. The neural SDEs with N samples can be linked to the N -particle systems with centralized control. We an...

Improving the High-Temperature Mechanical Properties and DC Electrical Properties of Polypropylene Insulation Materials through Grafting and Cross-Linking Modification

Abstract Thermoplastic polypropylene (PP) has been widely regarded as a promising alternative to cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) for cable insulation owing to its excellent recyclability. However, PP exhibits poor mechanical toughness at room temperature, and blending with low-m...

Small-Volume Hollow Cell-Based High-Sensitivity Cantilever-Enhanced Photoacoustic Gas Analyzer

Abstract A small-volume hollow cell-based fiber-optic photoacoustic gas analyzer is proposed for high-sensitivity gas detection. The cell has overall dimensions of 54 × 54 × 148 mm, making it much shorter than conventional H-type photoacoustic cells with the same resonant tube le...

Metal–Organic Frameworks for Dinitrogen Reduction to Ammonia: Active-Site Engineering, Mechanistic Pathways, and Reliability Challenges

Abstract Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) provide a highly tunable platform for artificial dinitrogen reduction to ammonia because metal nodes, organic linkers, defects, pore environments, and interfaces can be engineered at molecular and atomic levels. This review critically exam...

Adamantyl-BOX Ligand Enabling Stereoselective Synthesis of Axially Chiral Aldehydes Bearing Vicinal Stereogenic Centers

Abstract Biaryl frameworks combining axial and multiple central chiralities are highly valuable in synthesis and drug discovery. However, simultaneous construction of axial and vicinal central chiralities faces severe matching/mismatching limitations. Herein, we describe a dual p...

Optimal control of spiral waves in heterogeneous excitable media: non-monotonic efficacy of localized optogenetic inhibition

Structural heterogeneity stabilizes spiral waves in excitable media, yet how its spatial architecture, ranging from diffuse interstitial deposition to focal scar patterns, modulates the efficacy of localized optogenetic control remains poorly understood. Using a two-dimensional c...

Distributed optimal sliding-mode consensus control for nonlinear vehicle platoon under intermittent denial-of-service attacks

This paper addresses the distributed resilient optimal sliding-mode consensus control of constrained vehicle platoons subject to intermittent denial-of-service (DoS) attacks and input delays. Radial-basis-function neural networks are adopted to approximate unknown system nonlinea...

Three-dimensional reconfigurable magnetic microswarms with boundary-transcending capabilities

Swarm behaviors are prevalent in nature and have inspired many engineering designs. However, achieving artificial swarms capable of reversibly migrating through fluids against gravity and transcending physical boundaries, such as solid–liquid and liquid-air interfaces, remains ch...

Sulfur Tailoring the d-Band Center of Cu Single Atoms via Engineering the Second Scattering Shell for Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction

Abstract Modulating the d-band center of metal emerges as an efficient strategy to boost photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). However, simple methods for accurate Cu d-band center control are lacking. Herein, a sulfur doping strategy was developed to precisely tailor th...

Engineered Charge Separation and Utilization in Oxygen-Vacancy-Mediated S-scheme Heterojunction for Enhanced Photoredox Catalysis

Abstract Defect-mediated S-scheme heterojunction engineering offers a compelling strategy for advancing photocatalytic solar energy conversion. Herein, an S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst is designed by coupling one-dimensional oxygen-vacancy-rich K2Ti8O17–x nanowires to two...

Flow-Rate-Controlled Hydrate Formation Kinetics during Shallow Methane Leakage from Muddy Reservoirs: Experimental Validation and Enhanced Saturation Prediction

Abstract Shallow methane leakage is a topic of great concern for governments and the public worldwide. Upward methane leakage can induce hydrate formation, enabling high-density carbon sequestration but also causing significant changes in fluid saturation and reservoir properties...

Improved Failure Mode and Effect Analysis Method for Resilience-Based Prioritization in Highway Operation and Management Systems

Abstract Highway operation and maintenance (O&M) systems are increasingly exposed to complex and evolving risks that challenge their resilience and reliability. Traditional risk-based approaches often focus on postevent analysis and cannot address uncertainty across different res...

Modulating *CO Adsorption Behavior: A Mechanistic Strategy for High‐Efficiency C–N Coupling in Urea Electrochemical Synthesis

ABSTRACT Electrochemical urea synthesis through CO 2 and nitrate/nitrite (NO 3 − /NO 2 − ) co‐reduction represents a revolutionary alternative pathway for urea formation. Although studies reveal that restraining C‐intermediates desorption is beneficial for C‐N coupling, *CO adsor...

Relaxation of preload in precision bolt connections and its impact on accuracy decline in gyroscopic systems under thermal vibration load

The precision of gyroscopes, as core components of inertial navigation systems, critically determines system accuracy and stability. Precision threaded connections, widely used for assembly, are highly susceptible to preload relaxation during repeated start-stop operations, affec...

Discovery of Stereoselective UrCYP71AU Oxidases Catalyzing the Final Biosynthetic Step of Rhynchophylline and Mechanistic Insights into 7R and 7S Spiroindole Skeleton Formation

Abstract Rhynchophylline (RHY) is a spiroindole alkaloid that acts on the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. Based on the distribution patterns of 7R and 7S spiroindole alkaloids in U. rhynchophylla, we hypothesize the existence of hirsutine oxidase responsible for 7R an...

Decreased mechanosensitivity and metabolic reprogramming impair bone regeneration in type II diabetes: core mechanism and targeted scaffold design

Abstract Background Bone regeneration in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is significantly impaired, even when autologous bone grafts are used. However, previous studies have failed to elucidate the physiological mechanism, and effective treatments are lacking. Th...

Single-Component Photomultiplication-Type Photodetector Based on Donor–Acceptor Copolymer with Bias-Tunable Broadband to Narrowband Response

Abstract All-polymer photodetectors, owing to their remarkable advantages of flexibility and mechanical durability, exhibit demonstrated potential for application in the field of wearable technology. Nevertheless, the frequently employed double-component active layer structure is...

Fully Recyclable Triblock Polyester with Tunable Performance Constructed from Biobased δ-Valerolactones

Abstract Polyolefins dominate the plastic industry due to their versatility and productivity. However, excessive plastic use and inadequate recycling have led to a waste crisis. This study presents a novel strategy for developing chemically recyclable polyesters with varied mecha...

Regional frequency response analytical model for three-region interconnected power systems considering fast frequency response resources

Frequency Response (FR) is critical for mitigating frequency fluctuations and maintaining stability in power systems, particularly as modern power systems integrate more renewable energy. This paper addresses the challenges of increased frequency variability and decreased FR capa...

Reinforcement Learning‐Based Adaptive Optimal Containment Control for Constrained Nonlinear Multiagent Systems

ABSTRACT This paper proposes an adaptive optimal containment control method for nonlinear strict‐feedback multiagent systems with state constraints. First, a neural network‐based reinforcement learning algorithm is developed within an optimized backstepping framework. Unlike the...