Climate Change Research Centre

Stratosphere–troposphere exchange and surface ozone pollution over tropical regions: a case study of Rossby wave breaking and tropopause folding

Abstract. Stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE) is a key process by which ozone-rich stratospheric air enters the troposphere, influencing surface air quality. This study analyses an atypical STE event over North America between 6 and 14 March 2016, coinciding with a Phase I oz...

Antarctic sea ice over the past 130 000 years – Part 2: A review of its role in the Earth system

Abstract. Antarctic sea-ice cover reached historically low levels in 2023, consistent with the simulated decrease in sea-ice extent in response to anthropogenic warming. Antarctic sea ice is closely linked to multiple components of the Earth system, thus its demise could precipit...

Building blocks of localized storm tracks: revisiting asymmetries between the NH and SH in storm track strength

An intermediate-complexity moist general circulation model is used to investigate the forcing of localized storm tracks by land–sea contrast, horizontal gradients in ocean heat uptake, planetary albedo, and topography. The additivity of the response to these building blocks is in...

Committed Antarctic Ice Sheet mass loss by the end of the twenty-first century

Abstract The Antarctic Ice Sheet is the largest source of uncertainty in sea-level rise projections, with uncertainties propagating through emissions scenarios, atmosphere–ocean general circulation models, ice-sheet dynamics and sea-level physics. In ice-sheet model intercomparis...