City University of Hong Kong

Efficient Acidic CO 2 Reduction via Local Strain Engineering of Nickel Single‐Atom Catalysts

ABSTRACT Acidic CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) enhances carbon efficiency and electrolyzer stability. Although nickel single‐atom catalysts (Ni‐SACs) effectively convert CO 2 into CO in neutral/alkaline conditions, their performance in acid is hindered by the competing hydroge...

Dynamic Covalent Frameworks for Lithium Anode Protection: From Bonding Chemistry to Interface Engineering

ABSTRACT Lithium metal batteries are severely hindered by interfacial instability issues such as dendrite growth, unstable solid electrolyte interphase, and volume expansion. Crystalline dynamic covalent frameworks have emerged as a promising class of artificial solid electrolyte...

Distribution and viral load of canine respiratory coronavirus in naturally infected dogs: evidence from clinical sampling sites and tissue detection

Canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV) is a respiratory pathogen associated with the canine infectious respiratory disease complex (CIRDC). Although CRCoV is primarily considered a respiratory virus, its distribution beyond the respiratory tract remains poorly understood. This st...

Reversible Redox Cycling: A Mechanism for Toxification and Detoxification in Fungal Alkyl Salicylaldehyde Biosynthesis

ABSTRACT Understanding how natural product producers tolerate the reactive and toxic compounds they synthesize contributes to discovering novel therapeutics and deciphering unusual biosynthetic mechanisms. Alkyl salicylaldehydes are secondary metabolites widely distributed in fun...

Adaptive job scheduling and resource allocation for industrialized construction processes using digital twin and reinforcement learning

Construction processes can be disrupted by unforeseen operational disturbances, such as waiting for shared machines, insufficient workers, material unavailability, and workstation idleness. Such disturbances are difficult to mitigate through predefined schedules alone, as effecti...

The essential regularity of singular connections in geometry

Abstract This paper, a culmination of the authors’ theory of the Regularity Transformation (RT-)equations, accomplishes the following: (i) We discover there is a true (geometric) regularity associated with every affine connection, its essential regularity, the highest possible re...

Surface-Charge-Regulated MoS2 Membrane for Induced Agglomeration and Efficient Removal of Nanopollutants

Abstract Conventional membranes for nanopollutant removal are constrained by the permeability–selectivity trade-off inherent in size-exclusion mechanisms. Here, we report a surface-charge-regulated MoS2 membrane engineered by anchoring copper nanoparticles and quaternary ammonium...

Organic n‐Type Molecule Mediated Crystallization Regulation for Sn‐Pb Perovskite Solar Cells

ABSTRACT Narrow‐bandgap Sn‐Pb perovskites have showcased great potential for constructing tandem perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, Sn 2 + in Sn‐Pb PSCs is readily oxidized to Sn 4 + , and such B‐site Sn 4 + will introduce excess positive charge and causes severe p‐type self...

Ultrahigh‐Loading Cathodes for Next‐Generation Lithium‐Ion Batteries

ABSTRACT Ultrahigh‐loading cathodes are a key pathway to boosting the energy density of lithium‐ion batteries. The design of thick electrodes can significantly increase the loading of electrode active materials by minimizing the proportion of inactive components at the device lev...

Enhanced Antibiotics Sieving by Exfoliated TiS2 Membranes via Surface Functionalization and Passivation

Abstract Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) nanolaminate membranes hold great promise for molecular sieving due to their two-dimensional capillary structures, which facilitate size-restricted diffusion. However, many transition metal sulfides exhibit intrinsic instability and...

Programming Ion‐Engineered Interphase for Practical Zinc Batteries Through Exogenous Cation‐Anion Synergy Chemistry

ABSTRACT A stable anode‐electrolyte interface is vital for battery cycling. Translating the successful anion‐derived interphase paradigm from Li‐ion to aqueous Zn‐ion batteries (ZIBs) is hindered by narrow electrochemical windows and chaotic interfacial reactions. Here we overcom...

A superelastic titanium alloy showing nearly temperature-independent high strength and elastic modulus

Lightweight superelastic alloys with temperature-insensitive properties are critical for deep-space exploration devices, yet their development is hindered by the challenge of simultaneously balancing strength, recoverable strain, and temperature sensitivity. Here, we overcome the...

Building a Physics-Aware AI Ecosystem for Solid-State Hydrogen Storage Materials

Abstract Hydrogen storage remains a central bottleneck for scalable hydrogen energy systems due to the multiscale and coupled nature of the thermodynamics, kinetics, and microstructural evolution of hydrogen storage materials (HSMs). Although artificial intelligence (AI) has acce...

Programming Ion‐Engineered Interphase for Practical Zinc Batteries Through Exogenous Cation‐Anion Synergy Chemistry

ABSTRACT A stable anode‐electrolyte interface is vital for battery cycling. Translating the successful anion‐derived interphase paradigm from Li‐ion to aqueous Zn‐ion batteries (ZIBs) is hindered by narrow electrochemical windows and chaotic interfacial reactions. Here we overcom...

Enhancing large language model reasoning with reward models: an analytical survey

Abstract Reward models (RMs) play a critical role in enhancing the reasoning performance of LLMs. For example, they can provide training signals to finetune LLMs during reinforcement learning (RL) and help select the best answer from multiple candidates during inference. In this...

Modular reconfigurable underwater robot (MRUR): a comprehensive review of structure, perception, and control

Modular reconfigurable underwater robots (MRURs) have attracted increasing attention due to their potential to overcome the limitations of conventional underwater robots with fixed structures and single-task capabilities. This review summarizes recent progress in MRUR from three...

UltrafastSwitchable Polar and Magnetic Orders byNonlinear Light–Matter Interaction

Abstract An outstanding challenge in materials science and physics is the harnessing of light for switching ferroic orders in, e.g., ferroelectrics. Here, we propose a mechanism through which electrons in few-layer 2D materials excited with above-bandgap light cause ionic structu...

In Situ Coordination Engineeringof Fe Single Atoms Enables Efficient Electrocatalytic CyclohexanoneOxime Synthesis

Abstract Cyclohexanone oxime (CHO) is a vital precursor in industrial synthesis of nylon-6. However, traditional synthetic routes involve harsh reaction conditions and the potential danger posed by explosive hydroxylamine. Herein, we introduce an electrocatalytic approach for CHO...

Vectorized SVE2 Optimization of the Post-Quantum Signature ML-DSA on ARMv9-A Architecture

Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is essential to securing data in the quantum computing era, and standardization efforts led by NIST have driven extensive research on practical and efficient implementations. With the emerging deployment of ARMv9-A processors in mobile and edge dev...

Reversible Oxygen Redoxin High Voltage for Lithium-RichLayered Oxides

Abstract Lithium-rich layered oxides, characterized by Li ions in the transition-metal layers, can significantly increase battery energy density through the introduction of oxygen redox. However, these cathodes often suffer from substantial voltage hysteresis, leading to a consid...