Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

Helium migration patterns in the ultra-deep reservoirs of the Anyue gas field

The Sinian–Cambrian reservoirs in the Anyue gas field contain over one trillion cubic meters of natural gas. These reservoirs are close to basement helium sources and have well-developed ancient formation water as a potential carrier. However, despite these favorable conditions,...

Mineralogical Characterization and Purification of High-Purity Quartz from the Pegmatite Core Zone

Pegmatitic quartz is an important source of high-purity quartz, and its purity and inclusion characteristics together constitute the key criteria for evaluating the efficient utilization of this quartz. This study takes the quartz resource from the core zone of a pegmatite deposi...

A novel energy evolution-based method for brittleness evaluation of shale considering the deformation and failure process

Accurate evaluation of shale brittleness is critical for optimizing hydraulic fracturing design and predicting well productivity in shale gas development. Current brittleness indices often fail to comprehensively characterize rock brittleness throughout the deformation and failur...

Surface-Data-Driven Multiple Elimination in the Common-Midpoint Domain and Its Application to Land Seismic Data

Surface-data-driven multiple elimination methods directly use surface data to predict and eliminate multiples without requiring a detailed subsurface velocity model, but can be computationally expensive and not always straightforward on land datasets. We present a unified framewo...

Species-Specific Molybdenum Enrichment in Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) from Natural Molybdenum-Rich Agricultural Soils: Uptake Drivers and Dietary Risk Implications

Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential plant micronutrient, and legumes may accumulate relatively high Mo because of their greater physiological demand. Field evidence for species-specific Mo transfer in naturally Mo-enriched soils remains limited. Rhizosphere soil and edible seeds/grai...

Flocculation behavior and kinetics of hematite regulated by corn starch with different molecular structures

Fine iron mineral recovery through flotation and magnetic separation increasingly relies on starch-based flocculation technologies; however, the relationship between starch molecular structure and flocculation dynamics remains insufficiently understood. Herein, the effects of cor...

The WoKaS-Iso database: workflow for a global compilation of oxygen-18 and deuterium records in karst springs and cave drip water for enhanced understanding of karst systems

For analysing karst hydrogeological systems, observations of karst springs and cave drips are considered indispensable. In addition to hydrometric observations, knowing the oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope ratios has improved the understanding of vadose zone and aquifer dynamic...

Dual Magnetite Formation Pathways in Abyssal Serpentinites From the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge

Abstract Serpentinization, which involves hydrothermal alteration of olivine and pyroxene in ultramafic rocks, generates magnetite and strongly modifies the magnetic properties of oceanic lithosphere. However, the microstructural pathways of magnetite formation and their bulk mag...

Metasomatized mantle source and far-field effect of flat-slab subduction at the Huangtuliang gold deposit, northern margin of the North China Craton

The metasomatized lithospheric mantle has been proposed as the primary source for gold mineralization at cratonic margins, yet without much direct evidence. To substantiate this theory with geochemistry, we study ore-hosting alkaline syenite and mineralization-related lamprophyre...

Accretionary pedogenesis and Holocene climate evolution in black soil region of northeast China: Evidence from a sedimentary profile

The black soil region of the Songnen Plain, one of the world’s three major black soil belts, is critical for China’s grain security, yet the formation mechanism of its thick, organic-rich soils remains insufficiently quantified. Here, we investigate the ZYHPM01 profile in the eas...

Mammalian turnover across the Pliocene-Pleistocene transition: New evidence from the ∼3.0 Ma Dongyancun Fauna, North China

The latest Pliocene (∼3.0–2.5 Ma) large mammals were poorly documented in China. Here we report the Dongyancun Fauna from the Sanmenxia Basin, North China, which provides crucial fossil evidence for this interval. We describe new proboscidean and artiodactyl remains, including St...

The effect of hybrid models integration sequence: taking Fushun area as an example

Landslide susceptibility zoning (LSZ) is a crucial step in reducing landslide related losses, and its accuracy remains a long-standing research focus. Hybrid models are widely used, but little is known about coupling sequences. Here, we show that the accuracy of hybrid models can...

Geological Records of a 1000-Yr-Old Extreme Tsunami Event Revealed by Drill Cores in Qiongzhou Strait

In AD 1076, a super tsunami hit the South China Sea islands and the coasts of Guangdong and Vietnam. However, the impact on Hainan Island, situated farther from the tsunami source, remains unclear. Tsunami modeling indicates that seismic tsunamis from megathrust earthquakes in th...

Study on the Differentiation of Microbial Communities Under Different Soil Types in the Typical Black Soil Area of Songnen Plain

Soil type imposes multilayered environmental filtering via physical structure, chemical properties, and resource availability, shaping microbial community assembly. Using 70 samples (black soil n = 27, meadow soil n = 32, and brown soil n = 11) from a typical black soil region of...

Quantitative Decoupling of Dominant Hydrochemical Processes in Coastal Geothermal Systems: Insights into Fluoride Enrichment via Stable Isotopic Tracers and PMF Model

Geothermal energy is a critical low-carbon resource in the global carbon neutrality transition, but expanding exploitation has raised growing concerns over geothermal fluid quality degradation and fluoride-related public health risks in the tectonically active coastal region of G...

Persistent silicate weathering and carbon dioxide uptake in eolian drylands since the late Pliocene

Semi-arid and arid regions are largely omitted from long-term geological-scale carbon budgets due to the assumed weakness of silicate weathering. Here we reconstruct annual carbon dioxide (CO₂) consumption by silicate weathering (CO₂(SIW)) using red clay and loess–paleosol sequen...

A segmented surrogate model for THMC responses in the near-wellbore zone of super-long gravity heat pipes

The super-long gravity heat pipe, as an emerging technology for deep geothermal exploitation, has attracted considerable attention owing to its "pumpless" heat extraction feature. The heat extraction process involves complex coupled thermal-hydraulic-mechanical-chemical (THMC) Mu...

Construction of composite biological soil crusts accelerates early-stage soil restoration in karst rocky desertification areas

Karst rocky desertification (KRD) represents one of the most severe forms of land degradation globally. Soils in these regions are characterized by structural instability, severe nutrient depletion, and fragmented microbial networks, all of which collectively impose formidable co...

Model-Based Multiframe Radiometric Spatial Reconstruction for Optical Satellite Video

Satellite video provides repeated observations of the same ground scene within short acquisition intervals, but blur, detector sampling, radiometric differences, noise, and registration errors complicate joint reconstruction. This study presents mixed sparse representation-based...

Water-Induced Shear-Strength Degradation of Coal-Measure Rocks and Its Engineering Implications: A Case Study of the Fushun West Open-Pit Mine, China

Slopes excavated in coal-measure strata are prone to rainfall-induced landslides because water-induced disturbances progressively degrade rock-mass shear strength. This study investigated six coal-measure lithologies from the unloading zone of the Fushun West Open-Pit Mine using...