Children's National

Interim Update on Reactive Infectious Mucocutaneous Eruption ( RIME )

ABSTRACT Reactive infectious mucocutaneous eruption (RIME), a term describing blistering skin and mucosal lesions, is a term coined by a group of Pediatric Dermatology Research Alliance (PeDRA) researchers and first published in 2021. Since that time, the literature has grown wit...

Facilitating best practices in practicum training in clinical neuropsychology: introducing the North American Association of practicum sites in neuropsychology (NAPSN) organizational training guidelines

INTRODUCTION: The North American Association of Practicum Sites in Neuropsychology (NAPSN) was established in 2023 to support external practicum programs in urban, suburban, and rural areas in the United States and Canada by providing resources for member practicum programs and s...

Predicting Underweight Status in Infants With Cleft Lip and/or Palate in 10 US Children's Hospitals

ObjectiveTo develop and compare models predicting which infants with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) will be underweight at 4 months, using multicenter electronic health record data.DesignUsing data from birth to 3 months, we evaluated 63 anthropometric, clinical, healthcare-utili...

Use of split intein and myotropic AAV vectors enables effective preclinical gene therapy for dysferlinopathy

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type R2 (LGMDR2) is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness and degeneration. It is caused by mutations in the DYSF gene, which prevent dysferlin expression. Dysferlin protein is essential for muscle cell membrane re...

Comparison of prenatal self-report of tobacco use to direct measurement of umbilical cord cotinine

Abstract Objective This study compared maternal self-reports of prenatal tobacco product use with biochemically confirmed cotinine in umbilical cord tissue in newborns exposed to opioids in utero and unexposed controls. Study design Secondary data analysis on 179 pregnant women a...

Development of an Achievable Benchmarks of Care Report Card for Pediatric Hospital Medicine

OBJECTIVES: To develop an Achievable Benchmarks of Care (ABCs) report card for common conditions managed by pediatric hospital medicine (PHM). METHODS: We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study of encounters for 13 common pediatric conditions between January 1, 2023, and...

An Overview of Interrupted Time Series as a Research Method

Interrupted time series (ITS) study design is increasingly used to evaluate the impacts of guidelines, policy changes, and quality improvement efforts on clinical outcomes. Repeated observations of an outcome of interest over time are "interrupted" by an intervention, dividing th...

Organizational Factors Impacting Implementation of Evidence-based Practices for Autistic Youth: A Mixed Methods Evaluation of Virginia’s Community Mental Health System

Abstract Despite elevated rates of co-occurring mental health needs among autistic youth, availability of and access to mental and behavioral health evidence-based practices (EBPs) remain limited in U.S. community-based settings. Further, community-based service systems are compl...

A global study of novel agents in paediatric and adolescent relapsed and refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (Glo-BNHL): protocol for an adaptive international platform clinical trial

The second Paediatric Strategy Forum of the international multi-stakeholder organisation, ACCELERATE (Nov-2017), concluded that an international approach to conducting clinical trials in relapsed and refractory paediatric B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (r/r B-NHL) was critical and t...

The Role of Socioeconomic Status in the Relation Between Parenting and Child Externalizing Behavior

Abstract Negative and harsh parenting strategies are associated with more child externalizing behavior, while greater parental involvement and positive reinforcement are associated with less child externalizing behavior. However, parenting strategies do not exert the same influen...

Emergency Hold Use in Youth With Mental Health Concerns Presenting to the Emergency Department

OBJECTIVE: Emergency holds are commonly used in mental health crisis care, yet pediatric-specific data on their application and downstream consequences for emergency department (ED) care remain limited. We sought to describe sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with e...

Pediatric Hospital Medicine FTEs and Staffing Models

Appropriate physician staffing is essential to providing safe, high-quality care for hospitalized children. Many challenges exist in achieving optimal staffing, including financial constraints, coverage of off-hour shifts, recruitment shortages, and building models that promote s...

Care of the Infant With Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: Clinical Report

This clinical report addresses recognized knowledge gaps regarding congenital CMV infection (cCMV) in infants and expands on information present in the 2024-2027 Red Book. The clinical report reviews the epidemiology of cCMV, clinical manifestations of cCMV disease and cCMV with...

Incidence, prevalence and outcomes of neonatal sepsis: a population-based cohort study of hospitalized neonates in Huai’an, China

Background This study aims to estimate the incidence, prevalence of morbidity and mortality rate (MR), associated risks, and the applicability of neonatal sequential organ failure assessment (nSOFA), of neonatal sepsis from a database of all hospitalized infants in a representati...

Impact of post‐chemotherapy classification on outcomes in stage III and IV unilateral favorable histology Wilms tumor: Pooled data from Children’s Oncology Group AREN0532, AREN0533, and AREN03B2 studies

Abstract Background Improvements in therapy for patients with favorable histology Wilms tumor (FHWT) have relied on refinement of risk stratification for therapeutic assignment through identification of favorable and unfavorable prognostic factors. Although well established in In...

High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features: a clinical and genomic analysis of prognostic factors using a large cohort

BACKGROUND: High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) is a recently defined tumor type that is not well-understood. Prognostic factors of clinical outcomes are not well-established. METHODS: Methylation profiling was performed on tumor samples, many at the National Cance...

The Impact of Tablet-Based Screening on Trichomonas Testing in the Pediatric Emergency Department

OBJECTIVES: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a public health concern for adolescents and young adults, with half of STIs diagnosed annually among 15 to 24-year-olds. Trichomonas vaginalis is a high-prevalence STI, linked with increased risk for HIV and premature births....

Burden and Risk Factors for Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Among Pediatric Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients

BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes substantial morbidity in pediatric hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients; however, risk factors for severe disease remain incompletely characterized. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study acros...

Validation of AACN’s Healthy Work Environment Assessment Tool–Team

Background In 2024, the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN) updated the Healthy Work Environment Assessment Tool (HWEAT), renamed HWEAT-Team. Objective Validating HWEAT-Team for interprofessional use. Methods This was a multisite, descriptive, nonexperimental corr...

Cycle-by-cycle respiration waveforms are coupled with the shape of neural oscillations

Abstract Beyond sustaining life, breathing is a vital physiological rhythm that shapes cognition, perception, emotional regulation, and mental health. Breathing has a direct effect on neuronal excitability and is coupled to neural oscillations across a variety of brain regions. N...