Charles Darwin University

New species from the cradle of biodiversity inventories: cryptic diversity within Lamellariinae in the European Atlantic and Mediterranean (Gastropoda: Velutinidae)

The Mediterranean, despite a long tradition of naturalist observation dating back to Aristotle, is still home to undisclosed cryptic species complexes. The gastropod subfamily Lamellariinae d’Orbigny, 1841 (Velutinidae Gray, 1840) is composed of benthic sea slug-like species with...

A method for characterising fire events in high fire frequency landscapes: case study application to North Kimberley fire regimes, Western Australia

Background Identifying fire events provides insights into fire size distribution, the timing of significant fire events, their behaviour and ignition causes. However, this can be challenging when using temporally coarse datasets across high-fire-frequency savanna landscapes. Aims...

Goshawk Genomics: Genome Wide Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ( SNPs ) Confirm Species Status of Astur gentilis and Astur atricapillus

ABSTRACT The Astur [ gentilis ] superspecies comprising five species has a long record of taxonomic debate. Recent evidence based on mitochondrial data, limited genomic data and bioacoustics suggested a Nearctic‐Palearctic split of the former Holarctic species Astur gentilis , le...

Practice Foundations for Paramedicine: A Conceptual Model for Professional Capability and Safe Patient Care

ABSTRACT Paramedicine is a dynamic and evolving healthcare profession operating within complex clinical, environmental, regulatory, and governance frameworks. The Practice Foundations for Paramedicine Model presents a comprehensive conceptual framework that integrates the individ...

Practice Foundations for Paramedicine: A Conceptual Model for Professional Capability and Safe Patient Care

ABSTRACT Paramedicine is a dynamic and evolving healthcare profession operating within complex clinical, environmental, regulatory, and governance frameworks. The Practice Foundations for Paramedicine Model presents a comprehensive conceptual framework that integrates the individ...

Who benefits from public education spending in Pakistan? Evidence from income and language benefit incidence analysis

Equity in public education spending is commonly assessed through income-based measures, potentially overlooking other dimensions along which educational participation and public benefits vary. This study extends conventional benefit incidence analysis (BIA) by examining the distr...

Strengthening Indigenous food security in remote Northern Australia: A policy analysis

The Northern Territory (NT) of Australia faces unique social, political, economic, and geographical food security challenges for Aboriginal Communities. International research and policy have advocated for greater coherence across government policies that support Indigenous-groun...

Effects of self-acupressure on the fatigue-sleep disturbance-depression symptom cluster in breast cancer survivors: a phase III randomised controlled trial

PURPOSE: To explore the effectiveness and safety of self-acupressure intervention on the fatigue-sleep disturbance-depression symptom cluster (FSDSC) among breast cancer (BC) survivors and to explore within-trial costs associated with the intervention. METHODS: Eligible participa...

A systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis to determine the effect of primaquine dose on efficacy, tolerability and safety in uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria in Latin America

Background Primaquine is widely used to prevent relapses of Plasmodium vivax malaria, but the optimal dose in Latin America is unknown. We undertook a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy, tolerability and safety of different pri...

Health workforce retention in remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in high-income countries: a rapid realist review

It is vital to reduce avoidable turnover and optimise retention of healthcare staff in Australian remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health services. However, evidence informing the implementation of retention interventions is limited as existing literature inadequately...

PPORLD-EDNetLDCT: A Proximal Policy Optimization-based reinforcement learning framework for adaptive low-dose CT denoising

Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is critical for minimizing radiation exposure, but it often leads to increased noise and reduced image quality. Traditional denoising methods, such as iterative optimization or supervised learning, often fail to preserve image quality. To addre...

Exploring the functions of NKG7 in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells during malaria

Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites, is a significant global health issue. CD4 + and CD8 + T cells are important for immunity against Plasmodium infections, but the specific roles of many immune-related effector molecules in T cells remain poorly defined. Here, we investigate...

Where is the evidence? Mapping the fire–biodiversity knowledge base of northern Australian savannas

Fire shapes the biodiversity of tropical savannas, yet challenges exist in accessing and interpreting the breadth of fire-ecology evidence to support appropriate management. We compiled a comprehensive fire–biodiversity database for Australian tropical savannas to improve knowled...

Community perceptions, trust, and experiences of malaria clinical research and participation in rural Cambodia

INTRODUCTION: Understanding community perspectives on malaria treatment and research participation is important for designing ethically appropriate community engagement strategies, strengthening informed consent, and improving the conduct of clinical research while supporting dis...

Review of Hypoxemia Quantification Methods for Assessing the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Abstract Purpose of Review Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common nocturnal breathing disorder characterized by recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep, leading to sleep fragmentation and intermittent hypoxemia. The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) is the most widely used cl...

Data-Driven Fault Ride-Through Operation of Distributed Grid-Forming Inverters Using Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

Grid-forming inverters (GFMIs) are essential for future low-inertia power systems because they establish voltage and frequency rather than simply following the grid. However, compared with synchronous machines, they have limited overload and fault current capability, so providing...

Relationship between data bias and model fairness in machine learning

Ensuring fairness in machine learning (ML) applications remains a critical challenge, particularly in high-stakes domains such as healthcare, finance, and criminal justice. Bias in training data is widely considered a key driver of unfair outcomes. However, the relationship betwe...

Evaluating a sexual violence primary prevention program at an Australian University: a realist protocol comprising a cluster non-randomized controlled trial and realist interviews

Abstract Background Sexual violence is highly prevalent in university settings, yet there remains limited evidence on what prevention interventions work, for whom, and under what conditions. This article outlines the protocol for a mixed method realist evaluation of an Australian...

Outcomes and associated risk factors among hospitalisations attributed to invasive group A streptococcal disease in Northern Queensland, Australia: a 21-year population-based data linkage study

Abstract Purpose Invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) disease is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of iGAS infection and associated risk factors in Northern Queensland, Australia. Methods A retrospective cohort study was...

Customer-level factors associated with discretionary food and beverage purchasing in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community stores in remote Australia: a customer intercept survey of Healthy Stores 2020

Abstract Background Healthy Stores 2020 (HS2020), a 12-week randomised controlled trial conducted in partnership with an Aboriginal-owned retail organisation, reduced retailer merchandising and store-level purchases of unhealthy foods. Evidence on the influence of customer-level...