Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian

Cosmological Constraints from Full-scale Clustering and Galaxy–Galaxy Lensing with DESI DR1

Abstract We present constraints on cosmic structure growth from the analysis of galaxy clustering and galaxy–galaxy lensing with galaxies from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 1. Our analysis includes four samples drawn from the Bright Galaxy Survey (B...

Constraining Dust Formation in the Superluminous Supernova 2017gci with JWST Observations

Abstract We present JWST/MIRI observations of the Type I superluminous supernova (SLSN) 2017gci obtained over 2000 rest-frame days after the supernova (SN) exploded, which represent the latest phase images taken of any known SLSN to date. We find that archival Wide-field Infrared...

Ray-tracing Fast Radio Bursts Through IllustrisTNG: Cosmological Dispersion Measures from Redshift 0 to 5.5

Abstract The dispersion measures (DMs) of fast radio bursts (FRBs) arise predominantly from free electrons in the large-scale structure of the Universe. The increasing number of FRB observations has started to empirically constrain the distribution of cosmic baryons, making it cr...

From protogalaxy through thick and thin: Why did the Milky Way evolve in three kinematic phases?

Abstract APOGEE and Gaia data suggest the Milky Way’s kinematic structure evolved through three distinct phases: a disordered protogalaxy, which ‘spun up’ into a thick stellar disk, and then ‘cooled down’ to a final cold, thin stellar disk. We use a suite of FIRE-2 cosmological z...

A fast radio burst at redshift 2, three billion years after the Big Bang

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration radio transients from extragalactic sources. Their frequency and polarization properties are affected by plasma and magnetic fields along the line of sight to Earth. We report radio observations of FRB 20240304B and near-infrared...

High-fidelity entangling gates and nonlocal circuits with neutral atoms

The generation and manipulation of entanglement with low error are essential in quantum information systems. In practice, two-qubit entangling gates constitute a dominant error source, limiting circuit depths and performance in fault-tolerant architectures. Using a neutral-atom q...

On the Physical Origins of the Millimeter Fundamental Plane in Active Galactic Nuclei

Abstract Observations of active galactic nuclei have revealed a correlation between millimeter luminosity, X-ray luminosity, and mass, suggesting the emission in each of these bands is powered by a common source. Starting with a set of five general relativistic magnetohydrodynami...

Are X-Ray Atmospheres Heated by Turbulent Dissipation? XRISM Constraints

Abstract We evaluate whether dissipation of turbulence injected into hot cluster atmospheres by jets and bubbles can offset radiative cooling flows. No trends are found between atmospheric velocity dispersion, σ v , and either the ratio of kinetic to thermal energy or jet power o...

Discovery of a second-generation planet candidate accreting onto a white dwarf

Abstract Many white dwarfs accrete the debris of disrupted planetary bodies, detected in the form of metal enrichment in their atmospheres, dusty or gaseous circumstellar discs, and photometric transits from debris. The composition of accreted debris has been shown to be diverse...

Growth of aromatic hydrocarbon dust particles in the extremely metal-poor galaxy Sextans A

The mid-infrared spectrum of star-forming, high-metallicity galaxies is dominated by emission features from aromatic and aliphatic bonds in small carbonaceous dust grains, often referred to as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In metal-poor galaxies, the abundance of PAHs...

SN 2024iss: A Multiwavelength Exposé of a Type IIb Supernova with an Early-time Ultraviolet Spectrum and Shock-breakout Constraints

Abstract We present multiwavelength observations and analysis of SN 2024iss, a Type IIb supernova (SN IIb) located at ∼14 Mpc. The first Zwicky Transient Facility detection of SN 2024iss is ∼40 minutes after first light (one of the earliest detections of a SN IIb to date) and a H...

Stellar masses of optically dark galaxies: uncertainty introduced by the attenuation law and star-formation histories

Abstract Recent studies using JWST have suggested that some high-redshift galaxies may be ultra-massive, thereby challenging standard models of early galaxy formation. We analyse the stellar masses using different modelling assumptions and in conjunction with new data of three ga...

The Nearby Star Formation and Supernova Histories Reconstructed from Young Star Clusters: cluster samples and supernova map

Data accompanying Swiggum et al. (2026), The Nearby Star Formation and Supernova Histories Reconstructed from Young Star Clusters. The cluster catalog contains 606 young clusters, including the 325-cluster local subset, with Hunt catalog parameters, adopted bulk velocities, Chron...

Signaturesof Black Hole Spin in Horizon-Scale Polarimetry

The angular momentum of a black hole, usually expressed in terms of a dimensionless “spin,” both shapes the strong-field spacetime and provides a reservoir of rotational energy that can be exchanged with surrounding plasma. Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) has now begun t...

The Luminosity Function of Ultrafaint Trans-Neptunian Objects Detected by JWST

Abstract We present a definitive discovery of 27 trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) using the Near-Infrared Camera aboard the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). By employing a shift-and-stack technique and a machine learning network geared specifically to identifying false-positive d...

Observations of Atmospheric Helium and Oxygen With SPHEREx

Abstract We present measurements of near‐infrared (NIR) terrestrial airglow produced by helium and oxygen in the exosphere as observed by the Spectro‐Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization, and ices Explorer (SPHEREx). Using 8 months of survey data obta...

ODIN: Confirmation and 3D Reconstruction of Six Massive Protoclusters at Cosmic Noon

Abstract Protoclusters represent sites of accelerated galaxy formation and extreme astrophysical activity characteristic of dense environments. Identifying massive protoclusters and mapping their spatial structures are therefore crucial for understanding how large-scale environme...

Projected westward advance of tropospheric formaldehyde over China

Economic development and population aggregation are driving the east-to-west spread of tropospheric formaldehyde (HCHO) in China; yet the historical trajectory and future threat of this westward migration remain poorly understood. Here, we analyze OMI satellite observations utili...

The major cluster merger in Abell 2034 as seen by XRISM: Strong turbulence and spectral anomalies?

XRISM observations to date have shown that gas kinetic pressures in the intracluster medium (ICM) tend towards the low end of predictions from cosmological simulations. Here, we present a XRISM observation of the merging cluster Abell 2034, which exhibits the broadest emission li...

A Physics‐Guided Feature Selection Machine Learning Approach for Cloud Probability Retrieval and Detection From TEMPO Imagery

Abstract Accurate cloud detection is critical for reliable retrievals of aerosols and trace gases from remote‐sensing measurements. TEMPO provides unprecedented hourly observations over North America, but radiometric calibration biases, thousands of spectral channels, and limited...