Assiut University

Mesenchymal stem cells modulate pancreatic and splenic inflammation through PI3K/AKT/mTOR and TGF-β signalling in diabetic rats

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can attenuate diabetic organ damage through immunomodulatory and paracrine mechanisms, yet the specific signalling pathways engaged in the pancreas and spleen remain poorly characterized. This study investigated the effects of a si...

Rabies and rabies prophylaxis in Egypt: a nationwide cross-sectional study that calls for action

BACKGROUND: Rabies is a fatal but preventable viral disease that poses a global health threat, especially in developing countries. Despite the high incidence of animal bites reported annually in Egypt, limited data exist regarding the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of...

Impact of Postbariatric Body Contouring Procedures on Patient Body Weight and Metabolism

Background: Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment that induces substantial and sustained weight loss through restriction, malabsorption, and hormonal mechanisms that regulate appetite and energy balance. This study aimed to assess the role of body contouring surgery in enha...

Performance investigation of new design of single and double axis passive tracking solar still

The problem of low freshwater production of the solar still (SS) is studied in this paper experimentally using two new designs of single and double axis tracking SSs and their performance is compared with the convection solar still (CSS). The first tracked still is single axis tr...

Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation Improves Motor Function of Upper Extremity in Adults with Chronic Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial

BackgroundUpper limb motor dysfunctions are common after stroke affecting daily activities. About 60% of survivors still have impairment despite rehabilitation.ObjectiveTo assess the effect of transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (taVNS) on upper limb motor function i...

Assessing the physiological impacts of different invert sugars and sucrose on caged nurse honey bees

The quantity and type of carbohydrate sources applied in supplemental feeding have a substantial impact on honey bee physiology and overall colony health. This study examined five carbohydrate treatments—sucrose, Invertase-hydrolysed inverted sugar, Acid-hydrolysed inverted sugar...

Investigation of cavitation erosion behavior of additive manufactured parts produced by material extrusion: role of exposure time and layer thickness

Purpose This study aims to investigate the influence of exposure time and layer thickness on the cavitation erosion resistance of poly lactic acid (PLA) specimens fabricated via additive manufacturing (AM), with the aim of clarifying how these two factors influence erosion behavi...

Nanoamphizymes: Self‐Assembled Amphiphilic Enzymatic Nanomaterials for High‐Performance Biocatalysis and Biosensing

ABSTRACT Nanomaterials offer versatile platforms for biocatalysis by modulating enzyme stability and activity at the nano–bio interface. However, strong interfacial interactions often disrupt enzyme structure and cause substantial activity loss, while the largely empirical nature...

Cranial anatomy of the Middle Eocene Egyptian crocodylian Herugavialis cairensis provides new insights into gavialoid diversity in the Mediterranean region

Abstract Gavialoidea is presently composed of only two extant crocodylian species, the Indian gharial Gavialis gangeticus, and the false gharial Tomistoma schlegelii, both from southeast Asia. However, Gavialoidea displays a rich and near-cosmopolitan diversity in the fossil reco...

Pedal acceleration time—Guided management of diabetic foot ulcers with borderline ischemia

Background: The management of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) with borderline ischemia remains challenging due to the absence of reliable physiological markers to guide revascularization decisions. Pedal acceleration time (PAT) is a Doppler-derived measure of distal perfusion that ma...

A New Current Fingerprinting Sensing Method for Adaptive Protection of PV-Integrated Distribution Networks

Grid-following photovoltaic (PV) inverters inject fault currents whose magnitude and phase are set by the control mode active during the disturbance, so directional overcurrent relay (DOCR) settings coordinated for one inverter response can miscoordinate after a mode change. This...

Green-synthesized nanoparticles for glass ionomer cement reinforcement: a systematic review of their antimicrobial, mechanical, and physicochemical properties

Abstract Aims This systematic review critically evaluates the antimicrobial performance, mechanical properties, and fluoride release of glass ionomer cements (GICs) modified exclusively with green-synthesized nanoparticles. The review highlights how eco-friendly nanoparticle prod...

Association of smoking exposure and sociodemographic factors with histological subtypes of bronchogenic carcinoma in upper Egypt

Abstract Background Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and poses a growing public health challenge in Egypt. Histopathological subtypes show varying associations with smoking behavior and sociodemographic factors, yet data from Upper Egypt r...

Role of magnetic resonance enterocolonography with diffusion in the assessment of inflammatory bowel diseases activity

Abstract Background This study aimed to determine whether diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance Enterocolonography DWI MREC) can accurately assess the degree of disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), and whether it can serve as a non-invasive altern...

The Potential Immunotoxicity Induced by Long‐Term Exposure to Polystyrene Nanoplastics in Rats

ABSTRACT Nanoparticles can be categorized as ‘particulate xenobiotics’ as they are found in living organisms and can interact with the immune system. This study evaluated the potential for immunotoxicity induced by chronic exposure to polystyrene nanoparticles. The work examined...

Nutrient Solution and Harvest Age of Hydroponic Maize Fodder: Potential Influence on Chemical Composition, Rumen Digestion and Mitigation of Gas, CH4 and CO2 Emissions in Brahman Bulls

Forage scarcity, especially during dry periods, limits feed availability for livestock systems, affecting the productivity and sustainability of animal production. The aim of this investigation was to determine the effect of three harvest ages (8, 10 and 12 days) and five nutrien...

Decoding the cognitive profile of fibromyalgia: interactions among psychiatric symptoms, personality traits, and quality of life

Abstract Background In addition to persistent widespread pain, fibromyalgia (FM) is accompanied by fatigue and by affective and cognitive disturbances that reduce health-related quality of life (QoL). This study assessed the psychiatric and cognitive burden of FM, compared patien...

Recent Horizons in Pyridine-Based Agrochemicals (2020-2026): From Molecular Design to Ecological Safety

Abstract Pyridine derivatives have emerged as indispensable pharmacophoric scaffolds in contemporary agrochemistry, driving breakthroughs across next-generation insecticides, plant growth regulators (PGRs), micronutrient chelators, and biostimulants. This review provides a compre...

Algorithm-based approach to the management of rhino-maxillary mucormycosis: part II of a two-part study

Rhino-maxillary mucormycosis (RMM) is an aggressive, life-threatening fungal infection associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. While early diagnosis is universally advocated, robust quantitative evidence delineating how defined diagnostic delays influence objective c...

Vitamin D Receptor BsmI Polymorphism and Inflammatory Features in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Background Vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms influence immune regulation, but their role in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) remains unclear. We aimed to examine the association between BsmI VDR gene polymorphism and JIA susceptibility in children and e...