Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris

Appendicular Versus Non-Appendicular Community-Acquired Intra-Abdominal Infections: A Post-Hoc Analysis of the PERICOM Multicenter Study

Background: Community-acquired intra-abdominal infections (CA-IAIs) exhibit significant clinical heterogeneity. However, most studies focusing on CA-IAIs do not stratify comparisons by infection site. Methods: This post hoc analysis of the prospective multicenter PERICOM cohort (...

Detection of a Nirsevimab-Resistant RSV-B Variant (F:K68Q) in an Adult with Severe Infection

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is recognized as a major cause of severe disease in adults, particularly those having cardiorespiratory comorbidities or immunosuppression. The recent deployment of monoclonal antibodies targeting the prefusion F protein could be used in the futu...

Impact of phantom design on fetal radiation exposure assessment in pregnant women undergoing head and neck 6MV photon radiotherapy

Purpose This study investigates phantom-based methods for fetal radiation exposure assessment in photon external beam radiotherapy for a pregnant patient, using representative uterine locations as a conservative surrogate rather than direct measurements of fetal position or organ...

Performance of the iBox Prognostication System in African American Kidney Transplant Recipients

Background: The iBox is a validated prognostication system that predicts long-term death-censored graft loss in kidney transplant recipients, but its performance in the specific population of African American recipients has not been fully studied. Methods: We conducted a multicen...

International consensus guidance for general population screening for islet autoantibodies to diagnose early-stage type 1 diabetes: a nominal group technique process

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that targets and destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets. The incidence of type 1 diabetes is rising globally. At the clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, between 20% and 67% of children and adolescents present wit...

Association of cryptic pregnancy and alcohol consumption with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: a nationwide population-based study of 5 million women in 2015–2022

Cryptic pregnancy (CP) also known as pregnancy denial remains an underexplored risk factor for FASD. To our knowledge, there is no available epidemiologic data in the scientific literature exploring the association between CP and FASD. This study aimed to examine the association...

Use of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging after hospitalization for acute heart failure: insights from the French nationwide OFICA-2 cohort

Abstract Background Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has a central role in the management of patients with acute heart failure (AHF), but timely access remains heterogeneous. We investigated real-world CMR use in patients hospitalized for AHF and its associations with demographic...

Cefepime exposure in prolonged or intermittent infusion in critically ill children

Aims Cefepime is commonly used in critically ill children for whom there is a high between‐subject variability. To reach the therapeutic pharmacokinetic (PK) target in critically ill patients, prolonged infusion of beta‐lactams seems to be the most efficient. The aim of this stud...

Anaesthesia for patients with non-vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndromes: recommendations based on a descriptive cohort study of 69 patients and 127 orthopaedic operations

Anaesthetists are generally well-aware of the serious complications that can occur when anaesthetising patients with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. They are usually less familiar with complications that can occur in patients with hypermobile EDS and other non-vascular EDS (nvED...

Oveporexton for Narcolepsy Type 1 — Results from Two Phase 3 Trials

BACKGROUND: Narcolepsy type 1 is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, disrupted sleep, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic or hypnopompic hallucinations. Oveporexton (TAK-861), an oral orexin receptor 2-selective agonist, reduced symptoms of narcolepsy type 1 in...

Antifibrotic therapy in patients with pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis: a multicentric observational study

Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) is a rare interstitial lung disease characterized by upper-lobe predominant pleural and subpleural fibrosis and associated with poor prognosis. No evidence-based medical therapy is currently established, and lung transplantation remains the...

Structural Allograft Reconstruction for Chronic Proximal Hamstring Avulsion Yields Significant Functional Improvement, Acceptable Satisfaction, but Limited Return to Preinjury Sport Levels

Purpose To evaluate midterm outcomes of structural allograft reconstruction in patients with chronic proximal hamstring avulsion injuries. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study (minimum 2‐year follow‐up) including patients who underwent allograft surgical reconstruction f...

Morphology-Based Surgery for Chronic Pancreatitis Across Europe: Toward the Next Generation of Unified Guidelines

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use and impact of current surgical guidelines for chronic pancreatitis (CP) across Europe. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Current guidelines recommend morphology-based surgery for CP, but international studies evaluating their use and impact are lacking. METH...

Human-inherited RORγT deficiency encompasses genetic heterogeneity, T cell deficiency, and clinical homogeneity

Abstract We previously reported inherited RORγT deficiency in seven patients from three ancestries (Chilean, Palestinian, Saudi Arabian) with mycobacterial disease and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC). We report here five additional patients from different ancestries (Afgh...

Test-retest reliability and associations of strength and functional outcome measures in adults with spinal muscular atrophy

Abstract Background Disease-modifying therapies for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) require standardized follow-up to interpret treatment response. However, short-term changes may reflect measurement variability rather than true clinical change. We therefore assessed the test-retes...

Reproducible human reward imaging phenotypes exhibit differential sensitivity to dopamine D2 receptor antagonism

Abstract Human reward processing varies along cue-centric and outcome-centric axes, but a reproducible mechanistic account of individual variation in incentive salience attribution has been lacking. Using fMRI across five cohorts (N-total=1,251; N1=890; N2=245; N3=34; N4=48; N5=3...

From fluid loss to calcification: MRI and CT matrix features in cystic echinococcosis

Abstract Objective To characterize MRI matrix signal and CT calcification patterns across WHO-IWGE stages, compare them with lesion mimicking cystic echinococcosis (CE), and derive an MRI-based subclassification for inactive cysts. Materials and methods This retrospective multice...

Limitations of routine hepatitis E virus diagnosis in Central African Republic: a comparative evaluation of serological and molecular assays

In the Central African Republic (CAR), data on the disease burden of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection are limited despite recurrent epidemics. HEV is not routinely tested for in cases of elevated transaminases. Our objective was to evaluate the sensitivity and the specificity of...

Safety and Performance of the Colovac Anastomosis Protection Device. A Pooled Analysis of Prospective Studies Compared With Diverting Loop Ileostomy (SAFE-2025)

Objective: To compare the safety and effectiveness of the Colovac Anastomosis Protection Device with standard diverting ostomy (DO) following low anterior resection (LAR) for rectal cancer. Summary Background Data: DO is standard of care (SOC) following LAR for rectal cancer but...

Calpain inhibition prevents high-glucose-induced autophagy blockade and mitochondrial fragmentation in endothelial cells and preserves vascular functions in diabetic mice

Endothelial dysfunction is a major contributor to diabetic vascular complications, yet the mechanisms linking hyperglycemia to impaired endothelial homeostasis remain insufficiently defined. This study identifies calpains as key regulators of endothelial autophagy and mitophagy u...