Al-Farabi Kazakh National University

Synthesis, Characterization, Biological Evaluation and In Silico Studies of Some New Thiazole Derivatives

Background/Objectives: The thiazole ring is one of the core structures frequently favored in the design of new active compounds. Methods: A series of thiazole derivatives bearing a benzodioxole scaffold (1-9) were synthesized and evaluated for their antioxidant, anticholinesteras...

Widespread Greening but Uneven Soil Carbon Change: Twenty-Year Evidence from a Semi-Arid Eurasian Steppe

Accurate assessment of long-term soil organic carbon (SOC) change requires repeated field measurements and explicit treatment of temporal differences in soil mass. We quantified the net 2004–2024 SOC stock difference at 20 permanent monitoring sites in the semi-arid chestnut-soil...

α-Latrotoxin and Pain: A Nociceptor Perspective on Latrodectism

Alpha-latrotoxin (α-LTX) is the principal vertebrate-specific neurotoxin in widow spider (Latrodectus) venom and a powerful presynaptic secretagogue. Although its receptors, pore-forming activity and stimulation of neurotransmitter release have been studied extensively in central...

Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performance of Prenatal Screening Markers for Down Syndrome in the Turkistan Region

Background: The Turkestan region is one of the regions with a high birth rate; therefore, analysis of the effectiveness of an early detection system for chromosomal abnormalities in this region is important for practical healthcare. Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic potential...

The Winner Takes It All? The Impact of Mathematics Olympiad Elimination on Kazakh High-Achieving Students’ Expectancy-Value Beliefs and Career Aspirations

Mathematics Olympiads play an important role in developing mathematically gifted students, yet little research has examined how participants interpret the experience of elimination from these highly selective competitions. This qualitative study investigates how mathematically hi...

On the Inverse Problem for a Degenerate Parabolic Equation with the Hadamard–Caputo Derivative Under Samarskii–Ionkin Conditions

This paper investigates an inverse problem of recovering the spatial component of a source term for a degenerate ultraslow diffusion equation with a Hadamard–Caputo fractional derivative. Nonlocal boundary conditions of the Samarskii–Ionkin type are imposed. A distinctive feature...

Functional Nanostructured Carbon Honeycomb Monoliths for Hemoadsorption: Preliminary Studies on Biocompatibility, Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins and Inflammatory Cytokines Elimination

Rice husk (RH) is a renewable siliceous lignocellulosic waste providing a unique, greener and less toxic alternative to conventional synthetic polymeric precursors in the production of carbon-based materials for biomedical applications. In this work we studied the porous structur...

The Integrated Spatial Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy-Metal Contamination in Arid Mining-Influenced Region in Central Asia

The spatial distributions of the potential ecological risk index (RI) and the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) in soils of the Zhetysu region (Kazakhstan) were examined. The enrichment factor ranged from 39.4 for cadmium to 21,481 for nickel. There are few non-ferrous metal enterpris...

Improving Selection Efficiency at the Head Rows Stage of Winter Wheat Breeding by Using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

Visual selection in early stage of wheat breeding is usually implemented method. This study was conducted to compare breeders’ visual selection with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) selection. Three different selection protocols were used at Head Rows (HR) stage: Bre...

STRATA-HeadQuotient: Functional Localization of One Quarter of Global KV Heads with Typed Predicate-Graph Computation at 8192-Token Context

Global attention combines long-range lexical access with semantic-relation retrieval, making whole-layer replacement lossy. We present Strata-HeadQuotient, which statically assigns each key–value (KV) head to full-history attention (GLOBAL), 1024-token attention (LOCAL), or local...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Kazakhstan: Phenotypes, Disease Activity, and Treatment Patterns from a National Registry

Background/Objectives: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are an increasingly important global health problem, yet Central Asia remains underrepresented in international IBD data. To evaluate the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients included in the national multic...

Oil Revenue Absorption and Macroeconomic Vulnerability: Evidence from a DSGE Model of a Small Open Oil-Exporting Economy

Oil-exporting economies are notoriously sensitive to external shocks, but the importance of current oil revenue absorption for macroeconomic shock transmission has not been explored thoroughly. This paper constructs a stylized DSGE model to analyze how macroeconomic shock propaga...

Trusted collaboration mechanism of blockchain and smart contracts in the circular economy supply chain

This paper aims to solve the problems of information islands, complex authority management and difficult data traceability in the circular economy supply chain. Utilizing blockchain and its built-in smart contract technology, this study investigates a trustworthy collaborative me...

Integration of Nickel Adsorption Procedures into the Hydrometallurgical Processing of Laterite Ore: Comparative Performance of Two Chelating Ion-Exchange Resins with Insight into the Adsorption Mechanism

Selective Ni(II) recovery from polymetallic sulfate leachates is challenging because of competition from accompanying metal ions, particularly Mg(II). This study systematically evaluated selective Ni(II) recovery using commercial chelating ion-exchange resins and assessed their a...

From cyberbullying to criminal liability: Digital forensic markers in cases of suspected abetment to suicide

Cyberbullying that escalates into a victim's suicide poses significant challenges at the intersection of criminal law, causation analysis, and digital forensics. This article aims to examine how four jurisdictions - Kazakhstan, the United States, Germany, and India - conceptualis...

CitraNav: A Lightweight Navigation Method Using Spatiotemporal Information Voxel Mapping and Model Predictive Path Integral Control for Complex Orchards

Canopy occlusion, dynamic vegetation, structural degeneracy, and implicit terrain risks make stable localization and task-adaptive planning difficult for resource-constrained orchard robots. This paper proposes CitraNav, a lightweight navigation method for global navigation satel...

Stage-Oriented Text Classification for Russian-Language Clinical and Genetic Documents: Pre-Genetic Triage and Post-Genetic Report Interpretation

The growing volume of unstructured clinical and genetic text calls for automated processing methods that can meaningfully support clinical decision-making. Most existing work, however, treats the analysis of patient clinical descriptions and the interpretation of genetic reports...

Deep Learning and Large Language Models for Offline Recognition of Latin Handwritten Kazakh Text

This article investigates offline recognition of handwritten Kazakh text in the Latin script using a convolutional recurrent neural network. The relevance of the study is determined by the transition of the Kazakh language to the Latin alphabet and the need to automate the proces...

Earliest simultaneous multi-color optical observations of GRB 230328B: from 41 seconds to the host-galaxy identification

Abstract We present a multiwavelength study of the long-duration gamma-ray burst GRB 230328B, combining prompt γ-ray observations with exceptionally early simultaneous optical photometry and extensive X-ray, radio, and host-galaxy follow-up. NUTTELA-TAO began simultaneous g′r′i′...

Pyrotechnic Oxidizer Chemistry: Study-Normalized Performance Comparison and Bibliometric Mapping

Modern pyrotechnic materials are evolving from conventional fuel–oxidizer mixtures toward function-oriented energetic systems designed for controlled ignition, light emission, gas generation, pressure output and thermal response. This review analyzes recent progress in pyrotechni...