Al-Azhar University

Algorithm-based approach to the management of rhino-maxillary mucormycosis: part II of a two-part study

Rhino-maxillary mucormycosis (RMM) is an aggressive, life-threatening fungal infection associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. While early diagnosis is universally advocated, robust quantitative evidence delineating how defined diagnostic delays influence objective c...

Evaluation of Patient-Specific Three-Dimensional Printed Templates for Framework Carving in Autologous Microtia Reconstruction: A Prospective Randomized Comparative Study

Framework carving is the most difficult step in autologous microtia reconstruction. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) templates provide only a flat outline and do not reflect the depth and three-dimensional shape of the auricle, whereas a patient-specific three-dimensional (3D) p...

Spectrofluorometric determination of nasal cGMP using a propidium iodide supramolecular probe for diagnosis and monitoring of chronic olfactory dysfunction

Abstract Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) serves as a critical second messenger in olfactory signal transduction. This study developed and validated a novel, highly sensitive spectrofluorometric method for cGMP determination in human nasal secretions based on its site-specif...

Efficacy of early blood purification on serum inflammatory mediators in severe acute pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is the most critical form of acute pancreatitis (AP), characterized by a dysregulated systemic inflammatory response that drives early organ failure and mortality. Current management remains mainly supportive. Early blood purification (EBP) has bee...

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward stroke prevention among hypertensive patients in Egypt: a multicenter cross-sectional study

Abstract Stroke is the second most common cause of death worldwide and represents a major health concern in Egypt. Hypertension is the most important modifiable risk factor for stroke; we aim to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward stroke prevention among hyper...

Rapid degradation of sulfur-containing pollutants in water using potassium oximate through nucleophilic transformation with kinetic, mechanistic and antimicrobial evaluation

Abstract Sulfur-containing organic pollutants persist in industrial wastewater, particularly in petroleum refining effluents, where their chemical stability limits conventional treatment. Here, we report a rapid and efficient degradation strategy based on potassium 2,3-butanedion...

Bioactive screening and molecular docking of phenolics from Stellaria pallida

Stellaria pallida L. (Dumort.) is a species that belongs to the Caryophyllaceae family and has a broad range of secondary metabolites and therapeutic potential. In this study, the aerial parts of Stellaria pallida L. ( S. pallida ) were extracted by various organic solvents, viz....

Evaluation of the new Egyptian undergraduate medical program from students’ perspectives: a nationwide cross-sectional study

Abstract Background The global emphasis on medical education reform highlights the need for essential competencies to meet evolving healthcare demands. In Egypt, significant reforms in 2018 introduced a competency-based, integrated undergraduate medical curriculum—a five-year pro...

Clinical presentation, management, and maternal-fetal outcomes in gestational hemangioblastoma: a systematic review of case reports and case series

Hemangioblastoma is a highly vascular benign tumor of the central nervous system. Its presentation during pregnancy poses diagnostic and management challenges, while the evidence base consists largely of case reports and small case series. We aimed to describe the clinical presen...

Clinical consequences, treatment status, and parental awareness of traumatic dental injuries among high school students: a cross-sectional study in Cairo

Abstract Background This study assessed the current clinical consequences and treatment status of previous traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) affecting permanent anterior teeth among adolescents aged 15–17 years in Cairo, Egypt, and evaluated parental awareness and knowledge regard...

Comparative larvicidal efficacy and phytochemical profiling of selected Solanaceous hexane extracts against Culex pipiens and Aedes aegypti

Abstract Mosquito-borne diseases pose a major global health burden, and the effectiveness of conventional insecticides is increasingly limited by resistance and environmental concerns. This study provides a comparative assessment of the larvicidal activity and phytochemical compo...

Optimal design of hybrid renewable energy conversion systems using two configurations and four different algorithms for a rural village in Egypt

Abstract Decentralized energy systems can significantly enhance living circumstances in remote areas without a grid connection. This paper formulates a hybrid renewable energy model for a rural Egyptian village. The system includes PV, wind, biomass generator, battery storage, an...

Detection of carbapenem resistance mechanisms in difficult-to-treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates from a tertiary care hospital in Egypt

Abstract Background The increasing incidence of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) poses a significant global health concern, particularly with the emergence of difficult-to-treat resistance (DTR), which seriously restricts therapeutic options. Therefore, we aimed...

Clinical performance of a giomer-based pit and fissure sealant with and without air-abrasion pretreatment: a 12-month randomized clinical trial

BACKGROUND: Pit and fissure sealants are widely used for caries prevention; however, their long-term success depends largely on retention. Giomer-based sealants containing surface pre-reacted glass ionomer fillers offer bioactive properties, yet concerns remain regarding their bo...

Integrating Azotobacter inoculation with nano-NPK foliar application: a sustainable strategy for enhancing growth, physiology, and sugar yield in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

Sugar beet is a key crop for the sugar industry, increasingly reliant on eco-friendly inputs to meet rising global demand. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) enhance plant growth via root associations, while nanotechnology offers solutions to limitations of traditional f...

Bioactive goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis) fraction suppresses multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a rat burn wound model: oral and topical administration

Abstract Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a prominent pathogen implicated in burn wound infections, creating substantial therapeutic obstacles due to its antibiotic resistance and enhanced virulence mediated by quorum sensing (QS). This study explored the anti-...

Synergistic engineering of mixing A-site cations and oxygen vacancies to boost optical, electrochemical, and dielectric properties of Ag0.5Na0.5NbO3−δ

Ag 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3−δ lead-free perovskite was synthesized using a conventional solid-state method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed an orthorhombic (Pbcm) Ag 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3−δ perovskite phase with a small monoclinic (P2 1 /n) NaAgNb 4 O 11 phase. Transmission electron microsc...

Photocatalytic proximity labeling for the identification of G-quadruplex DNA-interacting proteins

Abstract DNA–protein interactions play an essential role in fundamental cellular biological processes. Herein, we report a photocatalytic proximity labeling approach for the broad screening of G-quadruplex (G4)-interacting proteins (G4IPs) using human telomere G4 DNA modified wit...

A Systematic Multi-Paradigm Evaluation Framework for Network Intrusion Detection in Fog-IoT Environments: Deep Learning, Transformer, and Ensemble Methods Across Deployment Tiers

This paper presents the Adaptive Confidence-Gated Ensemble (ACGE) framework for Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDSs) in resource-heterogeneous fog-IoT deployments. No single algorithmic paradigm simultaneously achieves high minority-class detection accuracy, sub-millisecon...

The filtration performance of fabrics against particles of viral size: a systematic review

Wearing a mask is part of the comprehensive strategy to suppress transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and respiratory tract infections. Despite available COVID-19 vaccines, wearing a mask has remained one of the simplest and most effective ways. There was, however, little data av...