Addis Ababa University

Marburg virus disease outbreak and response in South Ethiopia Region

Marburg Virus Disease (MVD) is a highly virulent zoonotic infection associated with high case fatality rates and multi-organ dysfunction. Early recognition, timely supportive care, and appropriate clinical management are important in improving outcomes. We describe the clinical p...

Predicting ecosystem services values using land use land cover and climate change scenarios in Maze National Park and its surroundings, Ethiopia

Land-use and land-cover and climate change are significant environmental factors affecting ecosystems and the services they provide. Their impacts are evident, and continued changes are expected to significantly affect future ecosystem services. Therefore, this study predicts the...

Neurological inpatient care in Ethiopia: analyzing admission trends, outcomes, and predictors of mortality

Neurological diseases (NDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with a disproportionate burden in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia. However, data on admission patterns, clinical outcomes, and predictors of in-hospital mortality among neurological inpatien...

Neonatal left lung agenesis presenting as pneumonia in a resource-limited setting: a case report

Abstract Background Pulmonary agenesis is a rare congenital malformation that occurs due to a defect in lung bud development. It presents with respiratory distress and is often masked by common respiratory conditions, particularly pneumonia, leading to delayed diagnosis. Therefor...

Bacteriological quality and antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacterial isolates from raw milk in dairy farms in Ethiopia

Foodborne illness has a significant impact on public health and the economy, affecting nearly 30% of the population in developing countries annually. Infections transmitted through milk can lead to acute and severe diseases. However, there is inadequate information available rega...

Modeling drought vulnerability and coping traps among pastoral households in Borena Ethiopia

Pastoral livelihoods remain highly vulnerable to recurrent drought, yet empirical understanding of how drought exposure, coping responses, and adaptive capacity interact remains limited. This study aims to develop and empirically validate an integrated structural model of drought...

A novel hybrid multilayer hyper chaotic and nonlinear modular encryption algorithm for enhancing the security of multimedia information in IoT video codecs H.264 and H.265

Several multimedia encryption algorithms suffer from security and performance limitations, including low resistance to cyberattacks, high computational overhead, potential quality degradation, and codec format incompatibility. To address these challenges, we proposed an encryptio...

Impacts of integrated watershed management practices on soil loss and sediment yield in the Fettam watershed, Ethiopian Highlands

Integrated watershed management (IWM) has been practiced in Ethiopia to reduce soil and sediment loss since the 1980s. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the impacts of an IWM program in mitigating soil loss and sediment yield in the Fettam River watershed. The integrated applic...

Antimicrobial activity of Vepris salicifolia leaf essential oil and δ-cadinene: in vitro evaluation and in silico mechanistic insights into δ-cadinene

The emergence of antimicrobial resistance has intensified the search for new bioactive compounds from natural sources. This study investigated the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil (EO) extracted from the leaves of Vepris salicifolia (Engl.) Mzi...

A narrative review of preclinical evidence on the effects of Catha edulis on spatial cognition and memory in rodents

Background Catha edulis (khat) is a stimulant plant endemic to East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, widely consumed for its psychostimulant effects, which are primarily attributed to cathinone and cathine. Despite an estimated 20 million daily users globally, the neurocognitive...

Duration-and frequency-dependent effects of khat chewing on lipid metabolism and kidney function: a comparative cross-sectional study

Abstract Chewing khat, ‘ Catha edulis’ is becoming more common in our society with increased harmful health repercussions, such as lipid metabolism issues and impaired renal function. There is a scarcity of data and contradictory findings on this topic. Therefore, this study aime...

Development and validation of a lung cancer risk prediction model in Ethiopia

An advanced stage of presentation is common among lung cancer patients in low-resource settings, leading to late diagnosis and poor prognosis. Early identification of high-risk individuals is essential to enable targeted prevention and timely diagnosis. We conducted a case–contro...

Immunohistochemical profiling of the tumor microenvironment in Ethiopian breast cancer tissue: insights into pathology and subtypes

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy globally and poses a significant public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). To date, the clinical use of immunotherapies has improved patients’ outcomes in high-income countries, but is not feasible in most countries in S...

Clinical validation of an ultra-low-cost smartphone-based offline AI platform for glaucoma screening in low-resource settings

Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide, affecting more than 76 million people, with prevalence expected to increase substantially in the coming decades. Early detection is critical to prevent vision loss; however, access to ophthalmologists and...

Rethinking family planning indicators: findings from a global expert consultation

The global family planning field has long relied on a few standard measures to assess program effectiveness and population-level outcomes, such as modern contraceptive prevalence, unmet need for family planning, and demand satisfied. Recognizing that these measures have substanti...

Assessment of Radioactivity Levels and Associated Radiological Hazards Index in Lake Water from Eastern Areas of Lake Hawassa, Sidama Region, Ethiopia

In this study, naturally occurring radionuclide concentrations and their respective radiological hazard indices in water samples collected from the eastern area of Lake Hawassa were measured. Analysis was conducted using HPGe gamma-ray spectrometry for the radionuclides 238U (214...

Sexual, mental, and multidimensional determinants of health-related quality of life in Parkinson's disease using the revised Wilson and Cleary model

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the global disability burden associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD) has increased by 81% in recent decades. Consequently, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has become a crucial patient-reported outcome measure. Due to the m...

Suitable Substrates for Black Soldier Fly Larvae Production: A Pathway Towards Sustainable Aquafeed Production

ABSTRACT Due to the rapid growth in aquaculture, there is an urgent need to explore alternative sustainable sources for fish feed other than conventional fishmeal. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) have been identified as a potential source of protein that could transform waste mat...

Knowledge and associated factors regarding oxygen therapy among Emergency Department clinicians at an Ethiopian hospital: a cross-sectional study

Background Oxygen therapy is life-saving, but inappropriate administration can contribute to morbidity and mortality. Knowledge gaps among emergency clinicians in resource-limited, high-acuity settings may contribute to suboptimal oxygen therapy practices, impacting patient safet...

Poverty alleviation for people with severe mental health conditions in South Africa: A qualitative study

People with severe mental health conditions (SMHC) and caregivers in South Africa often experience poverty. The PRIZE trial found that recovery groups were acceptable, feasible and potentially effective in reducing relapse. Addressing economic needs was identified as a means to i...