Shaan Patel

Efficacy and safety of intraoperative red blood cell salvage transfusion for spinal deformity surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Spinal deformity surgery is associated with substantial blood loss and high transfusion requirements, exposing patients to the risks of allogeneic blood transfusion. Intraoperative cell salvage (ICS) is widely used in patient blood management strategies, yet its clinical efficacy...