Saad Mohammed Boyadem

A port for Cyrene: pre-colonisation coastal topography and rationale for early port buildings and construction at Apollonia

Abstract English Apollonia on the Cyrenaican coast (eastern Libya) served for over 1,200 years as Cyrene’s harbour and naval base, sustaining trade and defence across the Mediterranean. Although activity at the shoreline predates Cyrene’s formal foundation in 631 BC, much remains...