James Riffat

Instability-Aware Digital Twins for Robust Co-Optimization of Operational Carbon Emissions, Thermal Comfort, and Structural Serviceability Reliability under Uncertainty in Smart Buildings

Modern smart buildings operate under continuously varying climatic, occupancy, equipment, grid-carbon, material, degradation, and sensing conditions, making nominal optimization insufficient for reliable operational decision-making. This study develops and numerically evaluates a...

Uncertainty-Aware Digital Twin Framework for Resilient Low-Carbon Port Infrastructure under Electrification and Sensor Degradation

The electrification of port operations is reshaping the technical relationship between logistics performance, energy demand, infrastructure condition and data reliability. Although digital twins are increasingly used for port monitoring and decision support, many frameworks conti...